diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 0a471e8..a42c858 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -43,3 +43,8 @@ clapack/
 pcre/
 
 release
+
+build*/
+jlibrary/bin/
+!jlibrary/bin/profile.ijs
+.tup/
diff --git a/Tupfile b/Tupfile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cecdbc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Tupfile
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+src_lib = jsrc/a.c jsrc/ab.c jsrc/af.c jsrc/ai.c jsrc/am.c jsrc/am1.c jsrc/amn.c jsrc/ao.c jsrc/ap.c jsrc/ar.c jsrc/as.c jsrc/au.c jsrc/best.c jsrc/c.c jsrc/ca.c jsrc/cc.c \
+ jsrc/cd.c jsrc/cf.c jsrc/cg.c jsrc/ch.c jsrc/cip.c jsrc/cl.c jsrc/cp.c jsrc/cpdtsp.c jsrc/cr.c jsrc/crs.c jsrc/ct.c jsrc/cu.c jsrc/cv.c jsrc/cx.c jsrc/d.c jsrc/dc.c \
+ jsrc/dss.c jsrc/dstop.c jsrc/dsusp.c jsrc/dtoa.c jsrc/f.c jsrc/f2.c jsrc/fbu.c jsrc/gemm.c jsrc/i.c jsrc/io.c jsrc/j.c jsrc/jdlllic.c jsrc/k.c jsrc/m.c jsrc/mbx.c jsrc/p.c \
+ jsrc/pv.c jsrc/px.c jsrc/r.c jsrc/rl.c jsrc/rt.c jsrc/s.c jsrc/sc.c jsrc/sl.c jsrc/sn.c jsrc/t.c jsrc/u.c jsrc/v.c jsrc/v0.c jsrc/v1.c jsrc/v2.c jsrc/va1.c jsrc/va1ss.c \
+ jsrc/va2.c jsrc/va2s.c jsrc/va2ss.c jsrc/vamultsp.c jsrc/vb.c jsrc/vbang.c jsrc/vbit.c jsrc/vcant.c jsrc/vchar.c jsrc/vcat.c jsrc/vcatsp.c \
+ jsrc/vcomp.c jsrc/vcompsc.c jsrc/vd.c jsrc/vdx.c jsrc/ve.c jsrc/vf.c jsrc/vfft.c jsrc/vfrom.c jsrc/vfromsp.c jsrc/vg.c jsrc/vgauss.c \
+ jsrc/vgcomp.c jsrc/vgranking.c jsrc/vgsort.c jsrc/vgsp.c jsrc/vi.c jsrc/viavx.c jsrc/viix.c jsrc/visp.c jsrc/vm.c jsrc/vo.c jsrc/vp.c jsrc/vq.c \
+ jsrc/vrand.c jsrc/vrep.c jsrc/vs.c jsrc/vsb.c jsrc/vt.c jsrc/vu.c jsrc/vx.c jsrc/vz.c jsrc/w.c jsrc/wc.c jsrc/wn.c jsrc/ws.c jsrc/x.c jsrc/x15.c jsrc/xa.c jsrc/xb.c \
+ jsrc/xc.c jsrc/xcrc.c jsrc/xd.c jsrc/xf.c jsrc/xfmt.c jsrc/xh.c jsrc/xi.c jsrc/xl.c jsrc/xo.c jsrc/xs.c jsrc/xsha.c jsrc/xt.c jsrc/xu.c jsrc/cpuinfo.c jsrc/blis/*.c
+
+src_con = jsrc/jconsole.c jsrc/jeload.c
+
+bin = jlibrary/bin
+
+include config/@(TUP_PLATFORM)
diff --git a/Tupfile.ini b/Tupfile.ini
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
diff --git a/config/linux b/config/linux
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b9ef0a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/config/linux
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+CC = cc
+
+con_cflags = -c -DREADLINE
+con_lflags += -ldl -lreadline
+
+bin = jlibrary/bin
+
+lib_cflags += -c -D_JDLL -DC_NA=0 -fPIC
+lib_lflags += -shared -lm
+lib_extra_avx = 
+lib_extra_noavx = 
+
+ifeq (@(DEBUG),y)
+ lib_cflags += -O0
+ lib_lflags += 
+ con_cflags += -O0
+ con_lflags += 
+else
+ lib_cflags += -O2
+ lib_lflags +=
+endif
+
+ifeq (@(UNICODE),y)
+ lib_cflags += -DJXUNICODE
+endif
+
+# create jversion header
+: jsrc/jversion-linux.h |> cp %f %o |> jsrc/jversion.h
+
+# build the avx version of the library
+#: foreach $(src_lib) | jsrc/jversion.h |> $(CC) $(lib_cflags) -DC_AVX=1 %f -o %o |> build-avx/%B.o {libavx}
+#: foreach $(src_lib) | jsrc/jversion.h |> $(CC) $(lib_cflags) -DC_AVX=1 %f -o %o |> build-avx/%B.o {libavx}
+#: {libavx} |> $(CC) %f -o %o dllsrc/javxdll.def $(lib_lflags) |> $(bin)/libj.so | $(lib_extra_avx)
+
+# build the non-avx version of the library
+: foreach $(src_lib) | jsrc/jversion.h |> $(CC)  $(lib_cflags) -DC_AVX=0 %f -o %o |> build-noavx/%B.o {libnoavx}
+: {libnoavx} |> $(CC) %f -o %o $(lib_lflags) |> $(bin)/libj.so| $(lib_extra_noavx)
+
+# build jconsole
+: foreach $(src_con) | jsrc/jversion.h |> $(CC) $(con_cflags) %f -o %o |> build/%B.o {con}
+: {con} |> $(CC) %f -o %o $(con_lflags) |> $(bin)/jconsole | $(con_extra)
+
+# test dll
+#: jsrc/tsdll.c |> ^ CC %f^ $(CC) %f /Fe%o makevs\tsdll\tsdll.def /Fobuild/%B.obj /LD |> $(bin)/%B.dll | build/%B.obj $(bin)/tsdll.lib $(bin)/tsdll.exp
diff --git a/config/mingw b/config/mingw
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2b060ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/config/mingw
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+CC = C:\MinGW\bin\gcc.exe
+
+con_cflags = -c -DREADLINE
+con_lflags += -ldl -lreadline
+
+bin = jlibrary/bin
+
+lib_cflags = -c -D_JDLL -DC_NA=0 -fPIC
+lib_lflags = -shared -lm
+lib_extra_avx = 
+lib_extra_noavx = 
+
+ifeq (@(DEBUG),y)
+ lib_cflags += -O0
+ lib_lflags += 
+ con_cflags += -O0
+ con_lflags += 
+else
+ lib_cflags += -O2
+ lib_lflags +=
+endif
+
+ifeq (@(UNICODE),y)
+ lib_cflags += -DJXUNICODE
+endif
+
+
+# create jversion header
+: jsrc/jversion-win32.h |> cmd /C copy %f %o |> jsrc/jversion.h
+
+# build the avx version of the library
+#: foreach $(src_lib) | jsrc/jversion.h |> $(CC) $(lib_cflags) -DC_AVX=1 %f -o %o |> build-avx/%B.o {libavx}
+#: foreach $(src_lib) | jsrc/jversion.h |> $(CC) $(lib_cflags) -DC_AVX=1 %f -o %o |> build-avx/%B.o {libavx}
+#: {libavx} |> $(CC) %f -o %o dllsrc/javxdll.def $(lib_lflags) |> $(bin)/libj.so | $(lib_extra_avx)
+
+# build the non-avx version of the library
+: foreach $(src_lib) | jsrc/jversion.h |> $(CC)  $(lib_cflags) -DC_AVX=0 %f -o %o |> build-noavx/%B.o {libnoavx}
+: {libnoavx} |> $(CC) %f -o %o $(lib_lflags) |> $(bin)/libj.so| $(lib_extra_noavx)
+
+# build jconsole
+: foreach $(src_con) | jsrc/jversion.h |> $(CC) $(con_cflags) %f -o %o |> build/%B.o {con}
+: {con} |> $(CC) %f -o %o $(con_lflags) |> $(bin)/jconsole | $(con_extra)
+
+# test dll
+#: jsrc/tsdll.c |> ^ CC %f^ $(CC) %f /Fe%o makevs\tsdll\tsdll.def /Fobuild/%B.obj /LD |> $(bin)/%B.dll | build/%B.obj $(bin)/tsdll.lib $(bin)/tsdll.exp
diff --git a/config/win32 b/config/win32
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1579384
--- /dev/null
+++ b/config/win32
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+CC = cl /nologo
+
+bin = jlibrary\bin
+
+src_lib += dllsrc/jdll.c dllsrc/jdllcomx.cpp
+
+lib_cflags = /c /D_JDLL /DC_NA=0
+lib_lflags = OleAut32.lib AdvApi32.lib Ole32.lib
+lib_extra_avx = $(bin)/javx.lib $(bin)/javx.exp
+lib_extra_noavx = $(bin)/j.lib $(bin)/j.exp
+#con_cflags = /c /MT
+con_cflags = /c
+
+ifeq (@(DEBUG),y)
+ lib_cflags += /Od /Z7
+ lib_lflags += /Od /LDd /link /DEBUG
+ con_cflags += /Od /Z7 
+ con_lflags += /Od /link /DEBUG
+
+ lib_extra_avx += $(bin)/javx.pdb $(bin)/javx.ilk
+ lib_extra_noavx += $(bin)/j.pdb $(bin)/j.ilk
+ con_extra = $(bin)/jconsole.pdb $(bin)/jconsole.ilk
+else
+ lib_cflags += /Ox /DNDEBUG
+ lib_lflags += /LD
+endif
+
+ifeq (@(UNICODE),y)
+ lib_cflags += /DJXUNICODE
+endif
+
+# create jversion header
+: jsrc/jversion-win32.h |> cmd /C copy %f %o |> jsrc/jversion.h
+
+# build the avx version of the library
+: foreach $(src_lib) | jsrc/jversion.h |> $(CC) /MD $(lib_cflags) /DC_AVX=1 %f /Fo%o |> build-avx/%B.obj {libavx}
+: {libavx} |> $(CC) /MD %f /Fe%o dllsrc/javxdll.def $(lib_lflags) |> $(bin)/javx.dll | $(lib_extra_avx)
+
+# build the non-avx version of the library
+: foreach $(src_lib) | jsrc/jversion.h |> $(CC) /MD $(lib_cflags) /DC_AVX=0 %f /Fo%o |> build-noavx/%B.obj {libnoavx}
+: {libnoavx} |> $(CC) /MD %f /Fe%o dllsrc/jdll.def $(lib_lflags) |> $(bin)/j.dll | $(lib_extra_noavx)
+
+# build jconsole
+: foreach $(src_con) | jsrc/jversion.h |> $(CC) $(con_cflags) %f /Fo%o |> build/%B.obj {con}
+: {con} |> $(CC) /MD %f /Fe%o $(con_lflags) |> $(bin)/jconsole.exe | $(con_extra)
+
+# test dll
+: jsrc/tsdll.c |> ^ CC %f^ $(CC) %f /Fe%o makevs\tsdll\tsdll.def /Fobuild/%B.obj /LD |> $(bin)/%B.dll | build/%B.obj $(bin)/tsdll.lib $(bin)/tsdll.exp
diff --git a/dllsrc/javxdll.def b/dllsrc/javxdll.def
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..450a673
--- /dev/null
+++ b/dllsrc/javxdll.def
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+LIBRARY         JAVX
+
+EXPORTS
+                DllGetClassObject   PRIVATE
+                DllCanUnloadNow     PRIVATE
+                DllRegisterServer   PRIVATE
+                DllUnregisterServer PRIVATE
+                JBreak              @6
+                JClear              @7
+                JDo                 @8
+                JErrorText          @9
+                JErrorTextM         @10
+                JFree               @11
+                JGet                @12
+                JGetM               @13
+                JInit               @14
+                JIsBusy             @15
+                JSet                @16
+                JSetM               @17
+                JSM                 @18
+                JGetLocale          @19
+                Jga                 @20
+                JTranspose          @21
+                JErrorTextB         @22
+                JGetB               @23
+                JSetB               @24
+                JDoR                @25
+                JGetA               @26
+                JSetA               @27
+                JInt64R             @28
diff --git a/jsrc/a.c b/jsrc/a.c
index b36c69e..d4efe81 100644
--- a/jsrc/a.c
+++ b/jsrc/a.c
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 static DF1(swap1){DECLF; F1PREFIP; R jt->rank?irs2(w,w,fs,jt->rank[1],jt->rank[1],f2):((jtinplace=(J)((I)jtinplace&JTINPLACEW)),(f2)((J)((I)jt|(((I)jtinplace<<1)+(I)jtinplace)),w,w,fs));}
 static DF2(swap2){DECLF; F2PREFIP; R jt->rank?irs2(w,a,fs,jt->rank[1],jt->rank[0],f2):((jtinplace=(J)((I)jtinplace&(JTINPLACEW+JTINPLACEA))),(f2)((J)((I)jt|(((((I)jtinplace<<2)+(I)jtinplace)>>1)&(JTINPLACEW+JTINPLACEA))),w,a,fs));}
 
+extern F1(jtwex);
+
 // w~, which is either reflexive/passive or evoke
 F1(jtswap){A y;C*s;I n;
  RZ(w); 
@@ -21,12 +23,10 @@ F1(jtswap){A y;C*s;I n;
   if((C2T+C4T)&AT(w))RZ(w=cvt(LIT,w)) else ASSERT(LIT&AT(w),EVDOMAIN);
   ASSERT(1>=AR(w),EVRANK);  // list or atom only
   n=AN(w); s=CAV(w); 
-  ASSERT(vnm(n,s),EVILNAME);   // valid name
-  RZ(y=nfs(AN(w),CAV(w)));  // create a NAME block for the string
-  R nameref(y);  // Create a name-reference pointing to the name
+  /* ASSERT(vnm(n,s),EVILNAME); */ // Removed check for Jx
+  R wex(w);
 }}
 
-
 static B booltab[64]={
  0,0,0,0, 0,0,0,1, 0,0,1,0, 0,0,1,1,  0,1,0,0, 0,1,0,1, 0,1,1,0, 0,1,1,1,
  1,0,0,0, 1,0,0,1, 1,0,1,0, 1,0,1,1,  1,1,0,0, 1,1,0,1, 1,1,1,0, 1,1,1,1,
diff --git a/jsrc/af.c b/jsrc/af.c
index a438cb7..6d43314 100644
--- a/jsrc/af.c
+++ b/jsrc/af.c
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@ static F2(jtfixa){A aa,f,g,h,wf,x,y,z=w;V*v;
    R hook(fixa(num[2],f),fixa(one,g));
   case CFORK:
    f=fixa(aa,f); g=fixa(num[ID(f)==CCAP?1:2],g); h=fixa(aa,h); R folk(f,g,h);
+  case CFORKO:
+   f=fixa(aa,f); g=fixa(aa,g); h=fixa(aa,h); R folko(f,g,h);
   case CATDOT:
   case CGRCO:
    RZ(f=every(every2(aa,h,0L,jtfixa),0L,jtaro)); 
diff --git a/jsrc/ai.c b/jsrc/ai.c
index 3d6e9c9..8c0f87e 100644
--- a/jsrc/ai.c
+++ b/jsrc/ai.c
@@ -323,6 +323,7 @@ A jtinv(J jt, A w, I recur){A f,ff,g;B b,nf,ng,vf,vg;C id,*s;I p,q;V*v;
   case CHOOK:
    if(CFROM==ID(f)&&CEQ==ID(g))R eval("i.\"1&1");
    break;
+  case CAPPLY: R eval("<@:((,'0') ,&< ])");
  }
  // Failure - no inverse found.  If there are names in w, try fixing w and try on that.
  // But only fix once, at the top recursion level, (1) to avoid an infinite loop if
diff --git a/jsrc/am.c b/jsrc/am.c
index 59add4d..5417512 100644
--- a/jsrc/am.c
+++ b/jsrc/am.c
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ F1(jtcasev){A b,*u,*v,w1,x,y,z;B*bv,p,q;I*aa,c,*iv,j,m,n,r,*s,t;
 }}   /* z=:b}x0,x1,x2,...,x(m-2),:x(m-1) */
 
 // Handle a ind} w after indices have been converted to integer
-static A jtmerge2(J jt,A a,A w,A ind){F2PREFIP;A z;I an,ar,*as,at,in,ir,*iv,t,wn,wt;
+A jtmerge2(J jt,A a,A w,A ind){F2PREFIP;A z;I an,ar,*as,at,in,ir,*iv,t,wn,wt;
  RZ(a&&w&&ind);
  // ?n=#atoms, ?t=type, ?r=rank, ?s->shape where ?=awi for xym
  an=AN(a); at=AT(a); ar=AR(a); as=AS(a); 
diff --git a/jsrc/au.c b/jsrc/au.c
index 4283e3c..d057c0b 100644
--- a/jsrc/au.c
+++ b/jsrc/au.c
@@ -29,7 +29,15 @@ F1(jtfdepadv){RZ(w); ASSERT(VERB&AT(w),EVDOMAIN); R sc(fdep(w));}
 DF1(jtdf1){RZ(self); R CALL1(VAV(self)->f1,  w,self);}
 DF2(jtdf2){RZ(self); R CALL2(VAV(self)->f2,a,w,self);}
 
-DF1(jtdfs1){F1PREFIP;A s=jt->sf,z; RZ(self); z=CALL1IP(VAV(self)->f1,  w,jt->sf=self); jt->sf=s; R z;}
+DF1(jtdfs1){
+	F1PREFIP;
+	A z;
+	A s=jt->sf; 
+	RZ(self); 
+	z=CALL1IP(VAV(self)->f1,  w,jt->sf=self);
+	jt->sf=s; 
+	R z;
+}
 DF2(jtdfs2){F2PREFIP;
 A s=jt->sf,z; 
 RZ(self); 
@@ -41,9 +49,14 @@ A jtdfss1(J jt, A w, A self, A self0)     {RZ(self); R CALL1(VAV(self)->f1,  w,s
 A jtdfss2(J jt, A a, A w, A self, A self0){RZ(self); R CALL2(VAV(self)->f2,a,w,self0);}
      // used to treat self as an argument.  Used with routines that don't really use self
 
-F1(jtself1){A z;I d=fdep(jt->sf); FDEPINC(d); z=df1(  w,jt->sf); FDEPDEC(d); R z;}
-F2(jtself2){A z;I d=fdep(jt->sf); FDEPINC(d); z=df2(a,w,jt->sf); FDEPDEC(d); R z;}
-
+F1(jtself1){A z;I d;
+ if(jt->tramp) R fdef(CTRAMP,VERB, 0L,0L, w,0L,0L, 0L, 0L,0L,0L);
+ d=fdep(jt->sf); FDEPINC(d); z=df1(  w,jt->sf); FDEPDEC(d); R z;
+}
+F2(jtself2){A z;I d;
+ if(jt->tramp) R fdef(CTRAMP,VERB, 0L,0L, a,w,0L, 0L, 0L,0L,0L);
+ d=fdep(jt->sf); FDEPINC(d); z=df2(a,w,jt->sf); FDEPDEC(d); R z;
+}
 A jtac1(J jt,AF f){R fdef(0,VERB, f,0L, 0L,0L,0L, VFLAGNONE, RMAX,RMAX,RMAX);}
 A jtac2(J jt,AF f){R fdef(0,VERB, 0L,f, 0L,0L,0L, VFLAGNONE, RMAX,RMAX,RMAX);}
 
@@ -113,4 +126,4 @@ I atoplr(A w){
   case CRIGHT: R JTINPLACEA;   // ...@]  ok to inplace A
  }
  R 0;   // both args in use
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+}
diff --git a/jsrc/best.c b/jsrc/best.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c92786f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jsrc/best.c
@@ -0,0 +1,550 @@
+// BEST Jx primitives that do not need to be integrated into the existing source
+
+#include "j.h"
+
+static DF1(jtsref1){ A fs, s = jt->sf, z; jt->sf = fs = VAV(self)->f; z = CALL1(VAV(fs)->f1, w, fs); jt->sf = s; R z; }
+static DF2(jtsref2){ A fs, s = jt->sf, z; jt->sf = fs = VAV(self)->f; z = CALL2(VAV(fs)->f2, a, w, fs); jt->sf = s; R z; }
+
+F1(jtx103d0){
+	RZ(w);
+	ASSERT(VERB&AT(w), EVDOMAIN);
+	R ADERIV(CRCAPDOT, jtsref1, jtsref2, 0L, mr(w), rr(w), lr(w));
+}
+
+static DF1(jtyielda1){DECLF;A z;B yieldold=jt->yield;
+ RZ(w);
+ jt->yield=1;
+ z=CALL1(f1,w,fs);
+ jt->yield=yieldold;
+ if(EWYIELD==jt->jerr){
+  RESETERR;
+  R jt->yieldval;
+ }
+ R z;
+}
+
+static DF2(jtyielda2){DECLF;A z;B yieldold=jt->yield;
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ jt->yield=1;
+ z=CALL2(f2,a,w,fs);
+ jt->yield=yieldold;
+ if(EWYIELD==jt->jerr){
+  RESETERR;
+  R jt->yieldval;
+ }
+ R z;
+}
+
+F1(jttrigger){
+ RZ(w);
+ if(!jt->yield) R w;
+ fr(jt->yieldval);
+ ra(w);
+ jt->yieldval=w;
+ jsignal(EWYIELD);R 0;
+}
+
+F1(jttrap){RZ(w);ASSERT(VERB&AT(w),EVDOMAIN);R ADERIV(CDEX,jtyielda1,jtyielda2,0L,mr(w),rr(w),lr(w));}
+
+DF1(jtstrand){V*sv=VAV(self);A x,fs=sv->f;
+ RZ(w);
+ if(VAV(w)->id==CCAP){
+	 if(fs) R fs;
+	 else R reitem(sc(0),ace);
+ }
+ if(!(x=exg(w))){RESETERR;x=w;}
+ R fdef(sv->id,ADV,jtstrand,0,fs?over(box(x),fs):box(x),0L,0L,0L,0L,0L,0L);
+}
+
+static DF1(jttramp1){
+ I old; B oldtramp=jt->tramp; A z,oldtrampv=jt->trampv;L*e;V*v; DECLF;
+ RZ(w);
+ old=jt->tnextpushx;
+ v=VAV(fs);
+ if(v->id==CTILDE&&NAME&AT(v->f)) {
+  RE(e=syrd(v->f,0));
+  ASSERT(e&&(fs=e->val),EVVALUE);
+ }
+ jt->tramp=1;jt->trampv=fs;
+ z=CALL1(VAV(jt->trampv)->f1,w,jt->trampv); ra(z); tpop(old); tpush(z);
+ while(z&&VERB&AT(z)){
+  z=CALL1(VAV(jt->trampv)->f1,VAV(z)->f,jt->trampv);
+  ra(z); tpop(old); tpush(z);
+ }
+ jt->tramp=oldtramp;jt->trampv=oldtrampv;
+ ASSERT(NOUN&AT(z),EVDOMAIN);
+ R z;
+}
+
+static DF2(jttramp2){
+ I old; B oldtramp=jt->tramp; A z,oldtrampv=jt->trampv;L*e;V*v; DECLF;
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ old=jt->tnextpushx;
+ v=VAV(fs);
+ if(v->id==CTILDE&&NAME&AT(v->f)) {
+  RE(e=syrd(v->f,0));
+  ASSERT(e&&(fs=e->val),EVVALUE);
+ }
+ jt->tramp=1;jt->trampv=fs;
+ z=CALL2(VAV(jt->trampv)->f2,a,w,jt->trampv); ra(z); tpop(old); tpush(z);
+ while(z&&VERB&AT(z)){
+  z=CALL2(VAV(jt->trampv)->f2,VAV(z)->f,VAV(z)->g,jt->trampv);
+  ra(z); tpop(old); tpush(z);
+ }
+ jt->tramp=oldtramp;jt->trampv=oldtrampv;
+ ASSERT(NOUN&AT(z),EVDOMAIN);
+ R z;
+}
+
+F1(jttramp){
+ RZ(w);
+ ASSERT(VERB&AT(w),EVDOMAIN);
+ R ADERIV(CTRAMP,jttramp1,jttramp2,0L,mr(w),rr(w),lr(w));
+}
+
+F2(jtfixrecursive){
+  if(ID(w)==CTRAMP&&VAV(w)->g&&i0(VAV(w)->g)==0) R w;
+  R df2(w, sc(0), ds(CTRAMP));
+}
+
+#define NEWYA   {GA(ya,at,acn,acr,as+af); uu=CAV(ya);}
+#define NEWYW   {GA(yw,wt,wcn,wcr,ws+wf); vv=CAV(yw);}
+#define MOVEYA  {MC(uu,u+=ak,ak); if(ab)RZ(ya=relocate((I)a-(I)ya,ya));}
+#define MOVEYW  {MC(vv,v+=wk,wk); if(wb)RZ(yw=relocate((I)w-(I)yw,yw));}
+
+static A jtrank1gex(J jt,A w,A*fs,I mr,AF*f1,I fn){PROLOG(0104);A y,y0,yw,z;B wb;C*v,*vv;
+  I k,mn,n=1,p,*s,wcn,wcr,wf,wk,wr,*ws,wt,yn,yr,*ys,yt,call=0;
+ RZ(w);
+ wt=AT(w);
+ if(wt&SPARSE) ASSERT(0,EVDOMAIN);
+ wr=AR(w); ws=AS(w); wcr=efr(wr,mr); wf=wr-wcr; wb=ARELATIVE(w);
+ if(!wf)R CALL1(f1[0],w,fs[0]);
+ RE(wcn=prod(wcr,wf+ws)); wk=wcn*bp(wt); v=CAV(w)-wk; NEWYW;
+ p=wf; s=ws; RE(mn=prod(wf,ws));
+ if(AN(w))MOVEYW else RZ(yw=reshape(vec(INT,wcr,ws+wf),filler(w)));
+#define VALENCE   1
+#define TEMPLATE  0
+#define RGERUND   1
+#include "crg_t.h"
+}
+
+static A jtrank2gex(J jt,A a,A w,A*fs,I lr,I rr,AF*f2,I fn){PROLOG(0105);A y,y0,ya,yw,z;B ab,b,wb;
+   C*u,*uu,*v,*vv;I acn,acr,af,ak,ar,*as,at,k,mn,n=1,p,q,*s,wcn,wcr,wf,wk,wr,*ws,wt,yn,yr,*ys,yt,
+   call=0;
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ at=AT(a); wt=AT(w);
+ if(at&SPARSE||wt&SPARSE) ASSERT(0,EVDOMAIN);
+ ar=AR(a); as=AS(a); acr=efr(ar,lr); af=ar-acr; ab=ARELATIVE(a);
+ wr=AR(w); ws=AS(w); wcr=efr(wr,rr); wf=wr-wcr; wb=ARELATIVE(w);
+ if(!af&&!wf)R CALL2(f2[0],a,w,fs[0]);
+ RE(acn=prod(acr,as+af)); ak=acn*bp(at); u=CAV(a)-ak; NEWYA;
+ RE(wcn=prod(wcr,ws+wf)); wk=wcn*bp(wt); v=CAV(w)-wk; NEWYW;
+ b=af<=wf; p=b?wf:af; q=b?af:wf; s=b?ws:as; RE(mn=prod(p,s)); RE(n=prod(p-q,s+q));
+ ASSERT(!ICMP(as,ws,q),EVLENGTH);
+ if(AN(a))MOVEYA else RZ(ya=reshape(vec(INT,acr,as+af),filler(a)));
+ if(AN(w))MOVEYW else RZ(yw=reshape(vec(INT,wcr,ws+wf),filler(w)));
+#define VALENCE  2
+#define TEMPLATE 0
+#define RGERUND  1
+#include "crg_t.h"
+}
+
+static DF1(rank1g){DECLF;A h=sv->h,gs,*gv,f;AF*gf;I m,n,*v=AV(h),wr;
+ RZ(w);
+ wr=AR(w); m=efr(wr,v[0]);
+ RZ(gs=fxeachv(1L,fs)); n=AN(gs); gv=AAV(gs); ASSERT(n>0,EVLENGTH);
+ GA(f,INT,n,1,0); gf=(AF*)AV(f); DO(n, gf[i]=VAV(gv[i])->f1;);
+ R m<wr?jtrank1gex(jt,w,gv,m,gf,n):CALL1(gf[0],w,gv[0]);
+}
+
+static DF2(rank2g){DECLF;A h=sv->h,gs,*gv,f;AF*gf;I ar,l,r,n,*v=AV(h),wr;
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ ar=AR(a); l=efr(ar,v[1]);
+ wr=AR(w); r=efr(wr,v[2]);
+ RZ(gs=fxeachv(1L,fs)); n=AN(gs); gv=AAV(gs); ASSERT(n>0,EVLENGTH);
+ GA(f,INT,n,1,0); gf=(AF*)AV(f); DO(n, gf[i]=VAV(gv[i])->f2;);
+ R l<ar||r<wr?jtrank2gex(jt,a,w,gv,l,r,gf,n):CALL2(gf[0],a,w,gv[0]);
+}
+
+#define DR(r)           (0>r?RMAX:r)
+extern  DF1(cons1a);
+extern DF2(cons2a);
+extern DF1(cons1);
+extern DF2(cons2);
+
+DF1(cons1a){R VAV(self)->f;}
+DF2(cons2a){R VAV(self)->f;}
+
+// Constant verbs do not inplace because we loop over cells.  We could speed this up if it were worthwhile.
+DF1(cons1){V*sv=VAV(self);
+ RZ(w);
+ R rank1ex(w,self,efr(AR(w),*AV(sv->h)),cons1a);
+}
+DF2(cons2){V*sv=VAV(self);I*v=AV(sv->h);
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ R rank2ex(a,w,self,efr(AR(a),v[1]),efr(AR(w),v[2]),efr(AR(a),v[1]),efr(AR(w),v[2]),cons2a);
+}
+
+// Handle u"n y where u supports irs.  Since the verb may support inplacing even with rank (,"n for example), pass that through.
+// If inplacing is allowed here, pass that on to irs.  It will see whether the action verb can support inplacing.
+// NOTHING HERE MAY DEREFERENCE jt!!
+static DF1(rank1i){DECLF;A h=sv->h;I*v=AV(h); R irs1(w,fs,*v,f1);}
+static DF2(rank2i){DECLF;A h=sv->h;I*v=AV(h); R irs2(a,w,fs,v[1],v[2],f2);}
+
+// u"n y when u does not support irs. We loop over cells, and as we do there is no reason to enable inplacing
+static DF1(rank1){DECLF;A h=sv->h;I m,*v=AV(h),wr;
+ RZ(w);
+ wr=AR(w); m=efr(wr,v[0]);
+ R m<wr?rank1ex(w,fs,m,f1):CALL1(f1,w,fs);
+}
+
+static DF2(rank2){DECLF;A h=sv->h;I ar,l,r,*v=AV(h),wr;
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ ar=AR(a); l=efr(ar,v[1]);
+ wr=AR(w); r=efr(wr,v[2]);
+ R l<ar||r<wr?rank2ex(a,w,fs,l,r,l,r,f2):CALL2(f2,a,w,fs);
+}
+
+// Select action routines and flags for u"n based on the verb u and the ranks n.
+static void qqset(A a,AF*f1,AF*f2,I*flag){A f,g;C c,d,e,p,q;I m=0;V*v;
+ static C at1[]={CFLOOR,CLE,CCEIL,CGE,CPLUS,CPLUSDOT,CPLUSCO, 
+   CSTAR,CSTARDOT,CSTARCO,CMINUS,CNOT,CHALVE,CDIV,CSQRT,CEXP,CLOG, 
+   CSTILE,CBANG,CLEFT,CRIGHT,CQUERY,CHGEOM,CJDOT,CCIRCLE, 
+   CPCO,CQCO,CRDOT,CTDOT,CXCO,0};  // f monad <-> f"r monad
+ static C ir1[]={CCOMMA,CLAMIN,CLEFT,CRIGHT,CCANT,CROT,CTAKE,CDROP,CGRADE,CDGRADE,
+   CBOX,CNE,CTAIL,CCTAIL,CSLASH,CBSLASH,CBSDOT,CCOMDOT,CPCO,CATDOT,0};
+ static C ir2[]={CCOMMA,CLAMIN,CLEFT,CRIGHT,CCANT,CROT,CTAKE,CDROP,CGRADE,CDGRADE,
+   CDOLLAR,CPOUND,CIOTA,CICO,CEPS,CLBRACE,CMATCH,
+   CEQ,CLT,CMIN,CLE,CGT,CMAX,CGE,CPLUS,CPLUSDOT,CPLUSCO,CSTAR,CSTARDOT,CSTARCO,
+   CMINUS,CDIV,CEXP,CNE,CSTILE,CBANG,CCIRCLE,0};
+ // For noun u, set flags to empty and use the constant routines
+ if(NOUN&AT(a)){*f1=cons1; *f2=cons2; *flag=0; R;}
+ // Verb u.  Calculate m, the flags to use for u.  We set VIRSx if the verb is a primitive with known
+ // IRS, or if u has a IRS flags set (except when that flag came from execution of ")
+ v=VAV(a); c=v->id;
+ if(NOUN&AT(a)){*f1=cons1; *f2=cons2; *flag=0; R;}
+ if(strchr(ir1,c))m+=VIRS1;
+ if(strchr(ir2,c))m+=VIRS2;
+ if(!(m&VIRS1)&&v->flag&VIRS1&&c!=CQQ)m+=VIRS1;
+ if(!(m&VIRS2)&&v->flag&VIRS2&&c!=CQQ)m+=VIRS2;
+ // If u does not have intrinsic IRS, see if it is a combination that has IRS
+ if(!m){
+  p=0; if(f=v->f){d=ID(f);p=VERB&AT(f)&&strchr(ir2,d);};  // p=1 if f has IRS2
+  q=0; if(g=v->g){e=ID(g);q=VERB&AT(g)&&strchr(ir2,e);};  // q=1 if g has IRS2
+  switch(c){
+   case CFIT:   if(p&&d!=CEXP)m+=VIRS2; if(d==CNE)m+=VIRS1; break;  // u!.n, preserve IRS2 except for ^!.n; preserve IRS1 for ~:!.n (nub sieve)
+   case CTILDE: if(p)m+=VIRS1+VIRS2; break;   // u~, set IRS if dyad u has IRS2
+   case CAMP:   if(p&&NOUN&AT(g)||q&&NOUN&AT(f))m+=VIRS1; break;   // u&n or m&v, preserve IRS2 of the verb 
+   case CFORK:  if(v->f1==(AF)jtmean)m+=VIRS1;   // mean is also supported by IRS1  (kludge - should set flag when mean detected)
+ }}
+
+ // Set m to the verb flags, which we will use to select the action routine, based on whether u supports IRS.
+ // VISATOMIC1 overrides IRS1.
+ I nm = v->flag&(VIRS1|VIRS2|VISATOMIC1);
+ if(nm&VISATOMIC1)nm|=VIRS1;  // scaf
+ if((~nm)&(m&(VIRS1|VIRS2)))
+  *((I*)0)=0;  // scaf
+ 
+ // We have m.  Now decide the return routines.  If the rank is nugatory, skip it & preserve the original routine pointer.
+ // Otherwise, use the driver routine that executes irs? or rank?ex for the verb
+ // I think this can be improved, by detecting the nugatory case by looking at the verb ranks.  This code may go back to
+ // the time when arithmetic verbs had infinite rank.
+ // Preserve the INPLACE flags from u - but only when irs etc can handle them!
+ // not yet m |= v->flag&(VINPLACEOK1|VINPLACEOK2);
+// obsolete *f1=strchr(at1,c) ? v->f1 : m&VIRS1 ? rank1i : rank1;
+ *f1=nm&VISATOMIC1 ? v->f1 : nm&VIRS1 ? rank1i : rank1;
+ *f2=                        nm&VIRS2 ? rank2i : rank2; 
+ *flag=0;  // u"n itself does not support IRS - it IS IRS, and requires explicit rank is rank is applied to it
+}
+
+static A jtcex(J jt,A w,AF f){A z; RE(w); z=f(jt,w); RESETERR; R z;}
+     /* conditional execute */
+F2(jtqqco){A h,t;AF f1,f2;D*d;I flag,*hv,n,r[3],*v;
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ GA(h,INT,3,1,0); hv=AV(h);
+ if(VERB&AT(w)){
+  GA(t,FL,3,1,0); d=DAV(t);
+  n=r[0]=hv[0]=mr(w); d[0]=n<=-RMAX?-inf:RMAX<=n?inf:n;
+  n=r[1]=hv[1]=lr(w); d[1]=n<=-RMAX?-inf:RMAX<=n?inf:n;
+  n=r[2]=hv[2]=rr(w); d[2]=n<=-RMAX?-inf:RMAX<=n?inf:n;
+  w=t;
+ }else{
+  n=AN(w);
+  ASSERT(1>=AR(w),EVRANK);
+  ASSERT(0<n&&n<4,EVLENGTH);
+  RZ(t=vib(w)); v=AV(t);
+  hv[0]=v[2==n]; r[0]=DR(hv[0]);
+  hv[1]=v[3==n]; r[1]=DR(hv[1]);
+  hv[2]=v[n-1];  r[2]=DR(hv[2]);
+ }
+ if(BOX&AT(a)&&!(FL&AT(w)&&AN(w)==1&&*DAV(w)==inf)){f1=rank1g; f2=rank2g; flag=VGERL;}
+ //if(BOX&AT(a)){f1=rank1g; f2=rank2g; flag=VGERL;}
+ else{qqset(a,&f1,&f2,&flag);}
+ R fdef(CQQ,VERB, f1,f2, a,w,h, flag, r[0],r[1],r[2]);
+}
+
+DF1(jtatomapply1){DECLFGH;
+ R CALL1(h1,w,hs);
+}
+
+DF2(jtatomapply2){DECLFGH;
+ R CALL2(h2,a,w,hs);
+}
+
+DF1(jtatomapply1a){DECLFGH; A y;
+  RZ(w);
+  if(AT(w)&NOUN) {RZ(y=fxx(w))}else{y=w;}
+  RZ(y=box(over(box(ravel(cstr("0"))),box(y))));
+  R jtatomdf2(jt,sc(3),y);
+}
+
+DF2(jtatomapply2a){DECLFGH;
+  RZ(a&&w);
+  R jtatomdf2(jt,sc(3),box(over(box(cstr("2")),box(link(a,w)))));
+}
+
+DF1(jtcloakconj){A z;
+  if(AT(w)&NOUN) {
+    RZ(z=fxx(w))
+  } else {
+    z=w;
+  }
+  RZ(z=box(over(box(ravel(cstr("0"))),box(w))));
+  R jtatomdf2(jt,sc(2),z);
+}
+
+DF1(jtcloakadv){A z;
+  if(AT(w)&NOUN) {RZ(z=fxx(w))}else{z=w;}
+  RZ(z=box(over(box(ravel(cstr("0"))),box(w))));
+  R jtatomdf2(jt,sc(1),z);
+}
+
+F1(jtatomdf1){A z;
+  RZ(w);
+  if(AT(w)&NOUN){RZ(z=fxx(w))}else{z=ca(w);}
+  ASSERT(AT(z)&FUNC,EVDOMAIN);
+  R fdef(CQRYCO,VERB,jtatomapply1,jtatomapply2,w,0L,z,VDVERB,RMAX,RMAX,RMAX);
+}
+
+F2(jtatomdf2){A z;
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ RZ(a=vi(a));
+ if(-2==*AV(a)) R fdef(CQRYCO,ADV,jtcloakconj,0L,a,w,0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+ if(-1==*AV(a)) R fdef(CQRYCO,ADV,jtcloakadv,0L,a,w,0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+ if(-3==*AV(a)) R fdef(CQRYCO,VERB,jtatomapply1a,jtatomapply2a,a,w,0L,VDVERB,RMAX,RMAX,RMAX);
+ if(AT(w)&NOUN) {RZ(z=fxx(w))}else{z=ca(w);}
+ ASSERT(AT(z)&FUNC,EVDOMAIN);
+ switch(*AV(a)){
+  case  1: R fdef(CQRYCO,ADV ,jtatomapply1,0L,a,w,z, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+  case  2: R fdef(CQRYCO,CONJ,0L,jtatomapply2,a,w,z, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+  case  3: R fdef(CQRYCO,VERB,jtatomapply1,jtatomapply2,a,w,z,VDVERB,RMAX,RMAX,RMAX);
+  default: ASSERT(0,EVDOMAIN);
+ }
+}
+
+#define NOPTIMIZERS 2
+static AF optimizers[NOPTIMIZERS]={(AF)jtx103d0,(AF)jttramp};
+
+static DF1(jtopt1){DECLF;I o;A x;
+ RZ(w);
+ o=i0(sv->g);
+ ASSERT(o<2,EVDOMAIN);
+ RZ(x=optimizers[o](jt,fs));
+ R df1(w,x);
+}
+
+static DF2(jtopt2){DECLF;I o;A x;
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ o=i0(sv->g);
+ ASSERT(o<2,EVDOMAIN);
+ RZ(x=optimizers[o](jt,fs));
+ R df2(a,w,x);
+}
+
+F2(jtoptimize){I o;
+ ASSERTVN(a,w);
+ o=i0(w);
+ switch(o){
+ case 0: R CDERIV(CTRAMP, jtsref1, jtsref2, 0L, mr(a), rr(a), lr(a)); break;
+ }
+ R fdef(CTRAMP,VERB,jtopt1,jtopt2,a,w,0,0,RMAX,RMAX,RMAX);
+}
+
+static F2(jtisf){R symbis(onm(a),CALL1(jt->pre,w,0L),jt->symb);} 
+
+F2(jtassign) {A f,n,v;B ger=0;C c,*s;
+ n=a; v=w;
+ jt->asgn = 0;  // if the word number of the lhs is 1, it's either (noun)=: or name=: or 'value'=: at the beginning of the line; so indicate
+ if(LIT&AT(n)&&1>=AR(n)){
+  // lhs is ASCII characters, atom or list.  Convert it to words
+  //ASSERT(1>=AR(n),EVRANK); must be true
+  s=CAV(n); ger=CGRAVE==*s;   // s->1st character; remember if it is `
+  RZ(n=words(ger?str(AN(n)-1,1+s):n));  // convert to words (discarding leading ` if present)
+  if(1==AN(n)){
+   // Only one name in the list.  If one-name AR assignment, leave as a list so we go through the AR-assignment path below
+   if(!ger){RZ(n=head(n));}   // One-name normal assignment: make it a scalar, so we go through the name-assignment path & avoid unboxing
+  }
+ }
+ ASSERT(AN(n)||!IC(v),EVILNAME);  // error if name empty
+ // Point to the block for the assignment; fetch the assignment pseudochar (=. or =:); choose the starting symbol table
+ // depending on which type of assignment (but if there is no local symbol table, always use the global)
+ jt->symb=jt->global;
+ // if simple assignment to a name (normal case), do it
+ if(NAME&AT(n)) symbis(n,v,jt->symb);
+ // otherwise, if it's an assignment to an atomic computed name, convert the string to a name and do the single assignment
+ else if(!AR(n))symbis(onm(n),v,jt->symb);
+ // otherwise it's multiple assignment (could have just 1 name to assign, if it is AR assignment).
+ // Verify rank 1.  For each lhs-rhs pair, do the assignment (in jtisf).
+ // if it is AR assignment, apply jtfxx to each assignand, to convert AR to internal form
+ // if not AR assignment, just open each box of rhs and assign
+ else {ASSERT(1==AR(n),EVRANK); jt->pre=ger?jtfxx:jtope; rank2ex(n,v,0L,-1L,-1L,-1L,-1L,jtisf);}
+ RNE(w);
+}
+
+F2(jtassignl) {A f,n,v;B ger=0;C c,*s;
+ n=a; v=w;
+ jt->asgn = 0;  // if the word number of the lhs is 1, it's either (noun)=: or name=: or 'value'=: at the beginning of the line; so indicate
+ if(LIT&AT(n)&&1>=AR(n)){
+  // lhs is ASCII characters, atom or list.  Convert it to words
+  //ASSERT(1>=AR(n),EVRANK); must be true
+  s=CAV(n); ger=CGRAVE==*s;   // s->1st character; remember if it is `
+  RZ(n=words(ger?str(AN(n)-1,1+s):n));  // convert to words (discarding leading ` if present)
+  if(1==AN(n)){
+   // Only one name in the list.  If one-name AR assignment, leave as a list so we go through the AR-assignment path below
+   if(!ger){RZ(n=head(n));}   // One-name normal assignment: make it a scalar, so we go through the name-assignment path & avoid unboxing
+  }
+ }
+ ASSERT(AN(n)||!IC(v),EVILNAME);  // error if name empty
+ // Point to the block for the assignment; fetch the assignment pseudochar (=. or =:); choose the starting symbol table
+ // depending on which type of assignment (but if there is no local symbol table, always use the global)
+ jt->symb=jt->local?jt->local:jt->global;
+ // if simple assignment to a name (normal case), do it
+ if(NAME&AT(n)) symbis(n,v,jt->symb);
+ // otherwise, if it's an assignment to an atomic computed name, convert the string to a name and do the single assignment
+ else if(!AR(n))symbis(onm(n),v,jt->symb);
+ // otherwise it's multiple assignment (could have just 1 name to assign, if it is AR assignment).
+ // Verify rank 1.  For each lhs-rhs pair, do the assignment (in jtisf).
+ // if it is AR assignment, apply jtfxx to each assignand, to convert AR to internal form
+ // if not AR assignment, just open each box of rhs and assign
+ else {ASSERT(1==AR(n),EVRANK); jt->pre=ger?jtfxx:jtope; rank2ex(n,v,0L,-1L,-1L,-1L,-1L,jtisf);}
+ RNE(w);
+}
+
+
+F2(jttiebox){A a1=a,w1=w;
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ if(VERB&AT(a)||!exg(head(a))){RESETERR;a1=arep(a);}
+ if(VERB&AT(w)||!exg(head(w))){RESETERR;w1=arep(w);}
+ R over(a1,w1);
+}
+
+F1(jtwex){                     /* F1: argument is type A; result is type A   */
+ PROLOG(0106);                        /* checkpoint for freeing temporary space     */
+ A z;                                 /* eventual result is type A                  */
+ RZ(w);                               /* exit immediately if argument is 0          */
+ ASSERT(NOUN&AT(w),EVDOMAIN);         /* check that argument is a noun              */
+ ASSERT(!AN(w)||LIT&AT(w),EVDOMAIN);  /* check type (empty of any type is accepted) */
+ ASSERT(1>=AR(w),EVRANK);             /* check rank                                 */
+ FDEPINC(1);                          /* increment function call depth by 1         */
+ z=parse(tokens(w,0));                /* execute the string                         */
+ FDEPDEC(1);                          /* decrement function call depth by 1         */
+ RZ(z);                               /* check for 0 return from parse              */
+ if(AT(z)&MARK)z=mtv;                 /* "empty" execution result gets an mtv       */
+ EPILOG(z);                           /* free temporary space since last checkpoint */
+}
+
+F1(jtiotadd){
+ /*
+ RZ(w);
+ R applystr(cstr("|.@:|:@:(j./&:i./)@+."), w); */
+ 
+ 
+ A v, z;
+ RZ(w);
+ v=eval("|.@:|:@:(j./&:i./)@+.");
+ ASSERT(VERB&AT(v), EVDOMAIN);
+ z=df1(w,v);
+ R z;
+
+ /*
+ A z, x, y; Z v;
+ RZ(w);
+ F1RANK(0,jtiotadd,0);
+ RZ(w = cvt(CMPX, w)); v = ZAV(w)[0];
+ x=iota(scf(v.im));
+ y=iota(scf(v.re)); 
+ z=rank2ex(x,y,0,0,1,jtjdot2);
+ R reverse(cant1(z));*/
+}
+
+#define seqdo(x0,x1,x2,x3,x4)   jtseqdo(jt,(x0),(x1),(x2),(x3),(x4))
+#define consfn(x)               jtconsfn(jt,(x))
+
+A jtseqdo(J jt,A a,A w,A fs,A gs,I n){PROLOG(0110);A aa,s=w,*u,x,y,*yu=0,z;B b;C*av,*aav,*yv;
+    I ak,*e,i=0,k,m,old,xn,*xs,xt,xr;
+ RZ(x=df1(s,gs)); xt=AT(x); xn=AN(x); xr=AR(x); xs=AS(x); k=xn*bp(xt);
+ if(a){m=aii(a); ak=m*bp(AT(a)); GA(aa,AT(a),m,MAX(0,AR(a)-1),1+AS(a)); av=CAV(a); aav=CAV(aa);}
+ GA(y,xt,xn*(1+n),1+xr,0); e=AS(y); *e++=1+n; ICPY(e,xs,xr);
+ yv=CAV(y); 
+ if(xt&DIRECT){MC(yv,AV(x),k); yv+=k;}else{yu=(A*)yv; u=AAV(x); DO(k/SZI, ra(*u); *yu++=*u++;);}
+ old=jt->tnextpushx;
+ for(i=0;i<n;++i){
+  if(a){
+   if(AC(aa)>1){GA(aa,AT(a),m,AR(aa),AS(aa)); aav=CAV(aa); old=jt->tnextpushx;}
+   MC(aav,av+i*ak,ak); RZ(s=df2(aa,s,fs));
+  }else RZ(s=df1(s,fs));
+  RZ(x=df1(s,gs));
+  if(!(xt==AT(x)&&xn==AN(x)&&xr==AR(x)))break;
+  if(1<xr){e=AS(x); DO(xr-1, if(b=*e++!=xs[i])break;); if(b)break;}
+  if(yu){u=AAV(x); DO(k/SZI,ra(*u);*yu++=*u++;);}else{MC(yv,AV(x),k); yv+=k;}
+  gc(s,old);
+ }
+ if(yu&&i==n){++AC(y); tpush(y);}
+ else if(i<n){
+  ra(x); gc(s,old);
+  RZ(y=take(sc(1+n),df1(take(sc(1+i),y),qq(ds(CBOX),num[-1])))); 
+  yu=1+i+AAV(y); *yu++=x; ++AC(y); 
+  old=jt->tnextpushx;
+  for(++i;i<n;++i){
+   if(a){
+    if(AC(aa)>1){GA(aa,AT(a),m,AR(aa),AS(aa)); aav=CAV(aa); old=jt->tnextpushx;}
+    MC(aav,av+i*ak,ak); RZ(s=df2(aa,s,fs));
+   }else RZ(s=df1(s,fs));
+   RZ(*yu++=x=df1(s,gs));
+   ra(x); gc(s,old);
+  }
+  RZ(y=ope(y));
+ }
+ GA(z,BOX,2,1,0); u=AAV(z); u[0]=s; u[1]=y; EPILOG(z);
+}    /* a f 256!:0 g w   and   n f 256!:1 g w */
+
+DF2(jtseqstate){A aa,s=w,*u,z;C*av,*aav;I ak,m,n,old;V*v;
+ RZ(a&&w&&self);
+ n=IC(a); m=aii(a); ak=m*bp(AT(a)); v=VAV(self);
+ GA(aa,AT(a),m,MAX(0,AR(a)-1),1+AS(a)); av=CAV(a); aav=CAV(aa);
+ old=jt->tnextpushx;
+ DO(n, MC(aav,av+i*ak,ak); RZ(s=df2(aa,s,v->f)); ra(s); tpop(old); tpush(s););
+ GA(z,BOX,2,1,0); u=AAV(z); 
+ u[0]=s; RZ(u[1]=repeat(sc(1+n),lamin1(df1(s,v->g)))); 
+ R z;
+}    /* a f 256!:0 g w where g is a constant function */
+
+DF2(jtseqex2){A fs;B b;C c;V*v;
+ RZ(a&&w&&self);
+ v=VAV(self); fs=v->f; 
+ c=ID(fs); b=(c==CAT||c==CATCO)&&CRIGHT==ID(VAV(fs)->g);
+ R seqdo(b?0:a,w,fs,v->g,IC(a));
+}    /* a f 256!:0 g w */
+
+B jtconsfn(J jt,A w){C c;V*v;
+ RZ(w);
+ v=VAV(w); c=v->id;
+ R c==CFCONS||c==CQQ&&NOUN&AT(v->f)||c==CUNDER&&ds(COPE)==v->g&&consfn(v->f);
+}    /* 1 iff w is a constant function */
+
+DF2(jtseqex){AF f2;//V*sv=VAV(self);
+ ASSERTVV(a,w);
+ f2=consfn(w)?jtseqstate:jtseqex2;
+// R fdef(CIBEAM, VERB, 0L,f2, a,w,over(sv->f,sv->g), 0, 0L,RMAX,RMAX);
+ R fdef(CSEQRED, VERB, 0L,f2, a,w,0, 0, 0L,RMAX,RMAX);
+}    /* 256!:0 */
diff --git a/jsrc/best.h b/jsrc/best.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6eddc0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jsrc/best.h
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Prototypes
+static DF1(jtyielda1);
+static DF2(jtyielda2);
+F1(jttrigger);
+F1(jttrap);
+DF1(jtstrand);
+static DF1(jttramp1);
+static DF2(jttramp2);
+F1(jttramp);
+F2(jtfixrecursive);
+F2(jtassign);
+F2(jtassignl);
+F2(jtqqco);
+DF1(jtatomapply1);
+DF2(jtatomapply2);
+F1(jtatomdf1);
+F2(jtatomdf2);
+F2(jtoptimize);
+F1(jtx103d0);
+F2(jttiebox);
+F1(jtiotadd);
+F1(jtwex);
+
+#define wex(x)                  jtwex(jt,(x))
+
+#define VDVERB		(I)134217728LL   /* derived from a verb             */
+
+#define EWYIELD         56      /* [. executed in ].           */
+
+// jc.h character definitions
+#define CCONC      (C)'\344'       /* 228 344 e4 &::                          */
+#define CCONV      (C)'\345'       /* 231 347 e7 &..                          */
+#define CPARL      (C)'\346'       /* 229 345 e5 |::                          */
+#define CRCAPDOT   (C)'\361'       /* 241 361 f1 R.                           */
+#define CKEEPL     (C)'\362'       /* 242 362 f2 =..                          */
+#define CTRAMP     (C)'\363'       /* 243 363 f3 O.  trampoline               */
+#define CSELFX     (C)'\364'       /* 244 364 f4 $::                          */
+#define CAPPLY     (C)'\365'       /* 244 365 f5 "..                          */
+#define CKEEP      (C)'\366'       /* 245 366 f6 =::                          */
+#define CFCO       (C)'\367'       /* 246 367 f7 f:                           */
+#define CQQCO      (C)'\370'       /* 247 370 f8 "::                          */
+#define CIDD       (C)'\371'       /* 248 371 f9 i..                          */
+#define CSEQRED    (C)'\372'       /* 249 372 fa &:.                          */
+#define CFORKO     (C)'5'          /* 53 065 35                              */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/jsrc/blis.h b/jsrc/blis.h
index de110f6..815fa13 100644
--- a/jsrc/blis.h
+++ b/jsrc/blis.h
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 #ifndef  _BLIS_HEADER
 #define  _BLIS_HEADER
 
+#ifdef JXKINDLE
+#undef __GNUC__
+#endif
+
 /* simplified blis header */
 
 #define BLIS_DRIVER_GENERIC     0
diff --git a/jsrc/ca.c b/jsrc/ca.c
index d7ee55c..835500d 100644
--- a/jsrc/ca.c
+++ b/jsrc/ca.c
@@ -179,6 +179,9 @@ F2(jtatco){A f,g;AF f1=on1,f2=jtupon2;B b=0;C c,d,e;I flag,j,m=-1;V*av,*wv;
     j=i0(wv->g);
     if(CBOX==ID(wv->f)&&!j){f2=jtrazecut0; flag&=~VINPLACEOK2;}
     else if(boxatop(w)&&j&&-2<=j&&j<=2){f1=jtrazecut1; f2=jtrazecut2; flag&=~(VINPLACEOK1|VINPLACEOK2);}
+	break;
+  case CHOOK:
+   if(e==CLEFT&&ID(g)==CLEFT) R w; 
  }}
  if(0<=m){
   b=d==CFIT&&equ(zero,wv->g);
diff --git a/jsrc/cf.c b/jsrc/cf.c
index 25f9565..5ce433f 100644
--- a/jsrc/cf.c
+++ b/jsrc/cf.c
@@ -106,6 +106,8 @@ A jtfolk(J jt,A f,A g,A h){A p,q,x,y;AF f1=jtfolk1,f2=jtfolk2;B b;C c,fi,gi,hi;I
    if(gi==CLBRACE&&hi==CRIGHT){                                   
     p=fv->f; q=fv->g; 
     if(CLEFT==ID(q)&&CQQ==ID(p)&&(v=VAV(p),x=v->f,CLT==ID(x)&&equ(one,v->g))){f2=jtsfrom; flag &=~(VINPLACEOK2);}
+    break;
+  case CLEFT:  if((gi==CAT||gi==CATCO)&&ID(gv->g)==CRIGHT) R atco(hook(ds(CLEFT), f), atco(gv->f, h));
  }}
  switch(fi==CCAP?gi:hi){
   case CQUERY:  if(hi==CDOLLAR||hi==CPOUND){f2=jtrollk; flag &=~(VINPLACEOK2);}  break;
@@ -139,8 +141,56 @@ A jtfolk(J jt,A f,A g,A h){A p,q,x,y;AF f1=jtfolk1,f2=jtfolk2;B b;C c,fi,gi,hi;I
  R fdef(CFORK,VERB, f1,f2, f,g,h, flag, RMAX,RMAX,RMAX);
 }
 
+#define TDECL           V*sv=VAV(self);A fs=sv->f,gs=sv->g,hs=sv->h
+
+static DF2(taca){
+       TDECL;
+       A x = df1(a,fs);
+       RZ(x);
+       A y = df1(w,hs);
+       RZ(y);
+       if(ADV&AT(x)&&ADV&AT(y)){
+           R folko(x, gs, y);
+       } else if(ADV&AT(x)&&VERB&AT(y)){
+		   R hook(hook(x, gs), y);
+	   } else if(VERB&AT(x)&&ADV&AT(y)){
+		   R hook(hook(x, gs), y);
+	   } else if(ADV&AT(x)&&CONJ&AT(y)){
+		   R hook(hook(x, gs), y);
+	   }
+       R df2(x, y, gs);
+}
+
+A jtfolko(J jt,A f,A g,A h){
+ RZ(f&&g&&h);
+ R fdef(CFORKO,CONJ, 0,taca, f,g,h, 0L, 0L,0L,0L);
+}
 
-static DF1(taa){TDECL;A t=df1(w,fs); ASSERT(!t||AT(t)&NOUN+VERB,EVSYNTAX); R df1(t,gs);}
+static DF1(taa);
+
+static DF2(tca){
+       TDECL;
+       A t=df2(a,w,fs);
+       ASSERT(t&&AT(t)&NOUN+VERB+ADV+CONJ,EVSYNTAX);
+       if(AT(t)&ADV){
+               R fdef(CADVF, ADV, taa,0L, t,gs,0L, 0, 0L,0L,0L);
+       } else if(AT(t)&CONJ) {
+               R fdef(CHOOK, CONJ, 0L,tca, t,gs,0L, 0, 0L,0L,0L);
+       }
+       R df1(t,gs);
+}
+
+static DF1(taa){TDECL;
+  A t=df1(w,fs);
+  ASSERT(t&&AT(t)&NOUN+VERB+ADV+CONJ,EVSYNTAX);
+  if(AT(t)&ADV){
+    R fdef(CADVF, ADV, taa,0L, t,gs,0L, 0, 0L,0L,0L);
+  } else if(AT(t)&CONJ) {
+    R fdef(CHOOK, CONJ, 0L,tca, t,gs,0L, 0, 0L,0L,0L);
+  }
+  R df1(t,gs);
+}
+//static DF1(taa){TDECL;A t=df1(w,fs); ASSERT(!t||AT(t)&NOUN+VERB,EVSYNTAX); R df1(t,gs);}
 static DF1(tvc){TDECL; R df2(fs,w,gs);}  /* also nc */
 static DF1(tcv){TDECL; R df2(w,gs,fs);}  /* also cn */
 
@@ -232,6 +282,9 @@ F2(jthook){AF f1=0,f2=0;C c,d,e,id;I flag=VFLAGNONE;V*u,*v;
    }
    // Return the derived verb
    R fdef(CHOOK, VERB, f1,f2, a,w,0L, flag, RMAX,RMAX,RMAX);
+  case BD(ADV, VERB): R CALL1(VAV(w)->f1,a,w); // R fdef(CHOOK, VERB, jtadvverb1,jtadvverb2, a,w,0L, flag, RMAX,RMAX,RMAX);
+  case BD(ADV, CONJ): R CALL1(VAV(a)->f1,w,a);
+  case BD(CONJ,ADV ): f2=tca; R fdef(CHOOK, CONJ, 0L,f2, a,w,0L, flag, 0L,0L,0L);
   // All other cases produce an adverb
   case BD(ADV, ADV ): f1=taa; break;
   case BD(NOUN,CONJ):
diff --git a/jsrc/cp.c b/jsrc/cp.c
index 12d4e37..839b882 100644
--- a/jsrc/cp.c
+++ b/jsrc/cp.c
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ static DF1(jtply1){PROLOG(0040);DECLFG;A b,hs,j,*xv,y,z;B*bv,q;I i,k,m,n,*nv,old
    RZ(z=CALL1(f1,y=z,fs));
    if(q&&equ(y,z)){DO(m-k, INSTALLBOX(x,xv,k,z); ++k;); break;}
    while(k<m&&i==nv[k]){INSTALLBOX(x,xv,k,z); ++k; q=k<m?bv[k]:0;}
-   if(!(i%10))gc3(x,z,0L,old);
+   if(!(i%jt->pgcp))gc3(x,z,0L,old);
  }}
  if(0<p){
   RZ(fs=inv(fs)); f1=VAV(fs)->f1;
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ static DF1(jtply1){PROLOG(0040);DECLFG;A b,hs,j,*xv,y,z;B*bv,q;I i,k,m,n,*nv,old
    RZ(z=CALL1(f1,y=z,fs));
    if(q&&equ(y,z)){DO(1+k, INSTALLBOX(x,xv,k,z); --k;); break;}
    while(0<=k&&i==nv[k]){INSTALLBOX(x,xv,k,z); --k; q=0<=k?bv[k]:0;}
-   if(!(i%10))gc3(x,z,0L,old);
+   if(!(i%jt->pgcp))gc3(x,z,0L,old);
  }}
  z=ope(reshape(shape(hs),from(grade1(j),x))); EPILOG(z);
 }
diff --git a/jsrc/cr.c b/jsrc/cr.c
index c40e9ba..4c6fda2 100644
--- a/jsrc/cr.c
+++ b/jsrc/cr.c
@@ -555,7 +555,6 @@ static DF2(rank2){DECLF;A h=sv->h;I ar,l=AV(h)[1],r=AV(h)[2],wr;
  }else R CALL2(f2,a,w,fs);  // pass in verb ranks to save a level of rank processing if not infinite
 }
 
-
 // a"w; result is a verb
 F2(jtqq){A h,t;AF f1,f2;D*d;I *hv,n,r[3],vf,*v;
  RZ(a&&w);
diff --git a/jsrc/crg_t.h b/jsrc/crg_t.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7b9ece
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jsrc/crg_t.h
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+/* Copyright 1990-2009, Jsoftware Inc.  All rights reserved.               */
+/* Licensed use only. Any other use is in violation of copyright.          */
+/*                                                                         */
+/* cr.c templates                                                          */
+
+/* template 0 used by the rank operator general cases (monad and dyad)     */
+/* requires:                                                               */
+/*  VALENCE 1 or 2                                                         */
+
+#if TEMPLATE==0
+#if VALENCE==1
+#define RDECLS  A prevyw
+#if RGERUND==1
+#define RCALL   CALL1(f1[call%fn],yw,fs[call%fn])
+#else
+#define RCALL   CALL1(f1,prevyw=yw,fs)
+#endif
+#define RDIRECT (wt&DIRECT)
+#define RFLAG   (!(AFLAG(w)&AFNJA+AFSMM+AFREL))
+#define RARG    {if(yw==prevyw||ACUC1<AC(yw)){cc = 0;NEWYW;} MOVEYW;}
+#define RARG1   {if(yw==prevyw||ACUC1<AC(yw)){RZ(yw=ca(yw)); vv=CAV(yw);}}
+#else
+#define RDECLS  A prevya,prevyw
+#if RGERUND==1
+#define RCALL   CALL2(f2[call%fn],ya,yw,fs[call%fn])
+#else
+#define RCALL   CALL2(f2,prevya=ya,prevyw=yw,fs)
+#endif
+#define RDIRECT (at&DIRECT&&wt&DIRECT)
+#define RFLAG   (!(AFLAG(a)&AFNJA+AFSMM+AFREL)&&!(AFLAG(w)&AFNJA+AFSMM+AFREL))
+// Set up y? with the next cell data.  The data might be unchanged from the previous, for the argument
+// with the shorter frame (when jj==n we have run out of repeats).  Whenever we have to copy, we first
+// check to see if the cell-workarea has been incorporated into a result noun; if so, we have to
+// reallocate.  We assume that the cell-workarea is not modified by RCALL, because we reuse it in situ
+// when a cell is to be repeated.  NEWY? allocates a new argument cell, and MOVEY? copies to it.
+#define RARG    {if(++jj==n)jj=0; \
+                 if(!b||jj==0){if(ya==prevya||ACUC1<AC(ya)){cc = 0;NEWYA;} MOVEYA;}  \
+                 if( b||jj==0){if(yw==prevyw||ACUC1<AC(yw)){cc = 0;NEWYW;} MOVEYW;} }
+// If the use-count in y? has been incremented, it means that y? was incorporated into an indirect
+// noun and must not be modified.  In that case, we reallocate it.  This is used to reallocate the
+// first cell only.
+#define RARG1   {if(ya==prevya||ACUC1<AC(ya)){RZ(ya=ca(ya)); uu=CAV(ya);}  \
+                 if(yw==prevyw||ACUC1<AC(yw)){RZ(yw=ca(yw)); vv=CAV(yw);}}
+#endif
+
+#define EMSK(x) (1<<((x)-1))
+#define EXIGENTERROR (EMSK(EVALLOC) | EMSK(EVATTN) | EMSK(EVBREAK) | EMSK(EVINPRUPT) | EMSK(EVFACE) | EMSK(EVWSFULL) | EMSK(EVTIME) | EMSK(EVSTACK) | EMSK(EVSYSTEM) )  // errors that always create failure
+
+// Assignments from cr.c:
+// ?r=rank, ?s->shape, ?cr=effective rank, ?f=#frame, ?b=relative flag, for each argument
+// ?cn=number of atoms in a cell, ?k=#bytes in a cell, uv point to one cell before aw data
+// Allocate y? to hold one cell of ?, with uu,vv pointing to the data of y?
+// b means 'w frame is larger'; p=#larger frame; q=#shorter frame; s->larger frame
+// mn=#cells in larger frame (& therefore #cells in result); n=# times to repeat each cell
+//  from shorter-frame argument
+
+{B cc=1;C*zv;I j=0,jj=0,old;RDECLS;
+ if(mn){y0=y=RCALL; call++; RZ(y);}  // if there are cells, execute on the first one
+ else{I d;
+  // if there are no cells, execute on a cell of fills.  Do this quietly, because
+  // if there is an error, we just want to use a value of 0 for the result; thus debug
+  // mode off and RESETERR on failure.
+  // However, if the error is a non-computational error, like out of memory, it
+  // would be wrong to ignore it, because the verb might execute erroneously with no
+  // indication that anything unusual happened.  So fail then
+  d=jt->db; jt->db=0; y=RCALL; call++; jt->db=d;
+  if(jt->jerr){if(EMSK(jt->jerr)&EXIGENTERROR)RZ(y); y=zero; RESETERR;}
+ } 
+
+ // yt=type, yr=rank, ys->shape, yn=#atoms k=#bytes  of first-cell result
+ yt=AT(y); yr=AR(y); ys=AS(y); yn=AN(y); k=yn*bp(yt);
+ // First shot: zip through the cells, laying the results into the output area
+ // one by one.  We can do this if the results are direct (i. e. not pointers),
+ // or if there are no results at all; and we can continue until we hit an incompatible result-type.
+ // With luck this will process the entire input.
+ if(!mn||yt&DIRECT&&RFLAG){I zn;
+  RARG1; RE(zn=mult(mn,yn));   // Reallocate y? if needed; zn=number of atoms in all result cells (if they stay homogeneous)
+  GA(z,yt,zn,p+yr,0L); ICPY(AS(z),s,p); ICPY(p+AS(z),ys,yr);  // allocate output area, move in long frame followed by result-shape
+  if(mn){zv=CAV(z); MC(zv,AV(y),k);}   // If there was a first cell, copy it in
+  // Establish the point we will free to after each call.  This must be after the allocated result area, and
+  // after the starting result cell.  After we call the verb we will free up what it allocated, until we have to
+  // reallocate the result cell; then we would be wiping out a cell that we ourselves allocated, so we stop
+  // freeing then
+  old=jt->tnextpushx;
+  for(j=1;j<mn;++j){   // for each additional result-cell...
+   RARG;    // establish argument cells
+   RZ(y=RCALL); call++;  // call the function
+   if(TYPESNE(yt,AT(y))||yr!=AR(y)||yr&&ICMP(AS(y),ys,yr))break;  // break if there is a change of cell type/rank/shape
+   MC(zv+=k,AV(y),k);   // move the result-cell to the output
+   if(cc)tpop(old);  // Now that we have copied to the output area: if we have not reallocated a cell on the stack, free what the verb did
+ }}
+ if(j<mn){A q,*x,yz;
+  // Here we were not able to build the result in the output area; type/rank/shape changed.
+  // We will create a boxed result, boxing each cell, and then open it.  If this works, great.
+  jj=j%n;   // j = #cells we processed before the wreck; jj=position in the smaller cell (not used for monad; compiler should optimize it away)
+  GATV(yz,BOX,mn,p,s); x=AAV(yz);   // allocate place for boxed result
+  // For each previous result, put it into a box and store the address in the result area
+  if(j){
+   zv=CAV(z)-k;
+   DO(j, GA(q,AT(y0),AN(y0),AR(y0),AS(y0)); MC(AV(q),zv+=k,k); *x++=q;);  // We know the type/shape/rank of y0 matches them all
+  }
+  *x++=y;   // move in the result that caused the wreck
+  DO(mn-j-1, RARG; RZ(y=RCALL); call++; *x++=y;);   // for all the rest, execute the cells and move pointer to output area
+  z=ope(yz);  // We have created x <@f y; this creates > x <@f y which is the final result
+ }
+ EPILOG(z);  // If the result is boxed, we know we had no wastage at this level except for yz, which is small compared to z
+}
+#undef VALENCE
+#undef RARG
+#undef RARG1
+#undef RCALL
+#undef RDIRECT
+#undef RFLAG
+#undef RDECLS
+#undef RGERUND
+#undef RCALL
+#endif  /* TEMPLATE 0 */
+
+
+#undef TEMPLATE
+#undef EXIGENTERROR
+#undef EMSK
diff --git a/jsrc/cu.c b/jsrc/cu.c
index 209dde9..1b32ed3 100644
--- a/jsrc/cu.c
+++ b/jsrc/cu.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 
 static A jteverysp(J jt,A w,A fs,AF f1){A*wv,x,z,*zv;P*wp,*zp;
  RZ(w);
- ASSERT(SBOX&AT(w),EVNONCE);
+ //ASSERT(SBOX&AT(w),EVNONCE);
  RZ(z=ca(w));
  wp=PAV(w); x=SPA(wp,x); wv=AAV(x);
  zp=PAV(z); x=SPA(zp,x); zv=AAV(x);
diff --git a/jsrc/i.c b/jsrc/i.c
index d7785d5..800e52f 100644
--- a/jsrc/i.c
+++ b/jsrc/i.c
@@ -193,6 +193,8 @@ jt->assert = 1;
  jt->transposeflag=1;
 // jt->int64rflag=0;
  jt->xmode=XMEXACT;
+ jt->pgcp=10000;
+
  R 1;
 }
 
@@ -235,34 +237,3 @@ static C jtjinit3(J jt){S t;
 }
 
 C jtjinit2(J jt,int dummy0,C**dummy1){jt->sesm=1; R jinit3();}
-
-/* unused cpuInfo
-
-#if 0   // Now we detect architecture at installation time, using C_AVX
- // See if processor supports AVX instructions
- // Tip o' hat to InsufficientlyComplicated and the commenter
- // Checking for AVX requires 3 things:
- // 1) CPUID indicates that the OS uses XSAVE and XRSTORE
- //     instructions (allowing saving YMM registers on context
- //     switch)
- // 2) CPUID indicates support for AVX
- // 3) XGETBV indicates the AVX registers will be saved and
- //     restored on context switch
- //
- // Note that XGETBV is only available on 686 or later CPUs, so
- // the instruction needs to be conditionally run.
- int cpuInfo[4];
- __cpuid(cpuInfo, 1);
- 
- I osUsesXSAVE_XRSTORE = cpuInfo[2] & (1L << 27);
- I cpuAVXSuport = cpuInfo[2] & (1L << 28);
- 
- if (osUsesXSAVE_XRSTORE && cpuAVXSuport)
- {
-  // Check if the OS will save the YMM registers
-  unsigned long long xcrFeatureMask = _xgetbv(_XCR_XFEATURE_ENABLED_MASK);
-  jt->cpuarchavx = (xcrFeatureMask & 0x6) == 0x6;
- }
-#endif
-*/
-
diff --git a/jsrc/j.h b/jsrc/j.h
index efa157d..69b2285 100644
--- a/jsrc/j.h
+++ b/jsrc/j.h
@@ -595,6 +595,7 @@ extern unsigned int __cdecl _clearfp (void);
 #include "vdx.h"  
 #include "a.h"
 #include "s.h"
+#include "best.h"
 
 // CTTZ(w) counts trailing zeros in low 32 bits of w.  Result is undefined if w is 0.
 // CTTZZ(w) does the same, but returns 32 if w is 0
@@ -862,3 +863,9 @@ static __forceinline void aligned_free(void *ptr) {
 #endif
 #define CRC32LL CRC32L                 // takes UIL (8 bytes), return UI
 #endif
+
+#ifdef JXUNICODE
+#define IFUNIC(expr) expr
+#else
+#define IFUNIC(expr)
+#endif
diff --git a/jsrc/ja.h b/jsrc/ja.h
index 2b5b3e9..18dfd57 100644
--- a/jsrc/ja.h
+++ b/jsrc/ja.h
@@ -372,6 +372,7 @@
 #define fnegate(x)                  jtfnegate(jt,(x))
 #define fnum(x)                     jtfnum(jt,(x))
 #define folk(x,y,z)                 jtfolk(jt,(x),(y),(z))
+#define folko(x,y,z)                jtfolko(jt,(x),(y),(z))
 #define fong(x,y)                   jtfong(jt,(x),(y))
 #define foreign(x,y)                jtforeign(jt,(x),(y))
 #define foreignextra(x,y)           jtforeignextra(jt,(x),(y))
@@ -398,6 +399,7 @@
 #define ftymes(x,y)                 jtftymes(jt,(x),(y))
 #define fullname(x)                 jtfullname(jt,(x))
 #define fx(x)                       jtfx(jt,(x),0L) 
+#define fxx(x)                      jtfxx(jt,(x)) 
 #define fxchar(x)                   jtfxchar(jt,(x))
 #define fxeach(x)                   jtfxeach(jt,(x))
 #define fxeachacv(x)                jtfxeachacv(jt,(x))
@@ -623,7 +625,7 @@
 #define memoget(x,y,z)              jtmemoget(jt,(x),(y),(z))
 #define memoput(x0,x1,x2,x3)        jtmemoput(jt,(x0),(x1),(x2),(x3))
 #define merge1(x,y)                 jtmerge1(jt,(x),(y))
-#define merge2(x0,x1,x2,x3)         jtmerge2(jt,(x0),(x1),(x2),(x3))
+#define merge2(x0,x1,x2)            jtmerge2(jt,(x0),(x1),(x2))
 #define mf(x)                       jtmf(jt,(x))
 #define minimum(x,y)                jtminimum(jt,(x),(y))
 #define minors(x)                   jtminors(jt,(x))
@@ -1189,6 +1191,9 @@
 #define vs(x)                       jtvs(jt,(x))
 #define vtokens(x)                  jtvtokens(jt,(x))
 #define vtrans(x)                   jtvtrans(jt,(x))
+#ifdef JXUNICODE
+#define vutf8(x)                    jtvutf8(jt,(x))
+#endif
 #define wa(x,y,z)                   jtwa(jt,(x),(y),(z))
 #define weight(x,y)                 jtweight(jt,(x),(y)) 
 #define widthdp(x,y,z)              jtwidthdp(jt,(x),(y),(z)) 
diff --git a/jsrc/je.h b/jsrc/je.h
index fb25608..34978d3 100644
--- a/jsrc/je.h
+++ b/jsrc/je.h
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ extern F1(jtevms);
 extern F1(jtex);
 extern F1(jtexec1);
 extern F1(jtexg);
+extern F1(jtexgdo);
 extern F1(jtexpn1);
 extern F1(jtfact);
 extern F1(jtfactor);
@@ -687,6 +688,7 @@ extern I        jtfdep(J,A);
 extern void     jtfh(J,A);
 extern I        jtfnum(J,A);
 extern A        jtfolk(J,A,A,A);  /* "fork" name conflict under UNIX         */
+extern A        jtfolko(J,A,A,A);
 extern A        jtfrombsn(J,A,A,I);
 extern A        jtfrombu(J,A,A,I);
 extern A        jtfxeachv(J,I,A);
@@ -827,6 +829,9 @@ extern A        jtvec(J,I,I,void*);
 extern F        jtvfn(J,F);
 extern A        jtvger2(J,C,A,A);
 extern B        jtvnm(J,I,C*);
+#ifdef JXUNICODE
+extern I        jtvutf8(J,C*);
+#endif
 extern void     jtwri(J,I,C*,I,C*);
 extern A        jtxcvt(J,I,A);
 extern B        jtxlinit(J);
diff --git a/jsrc/jerr.h b/jsrc/jerr.h
index 8b56735..f62ed7b 100644
--- a/jsrc/jerr.h
+++ b/jsrc/jerr.h
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@
 #define EWIRR           46      /* irrational result           */
 #define EWRAT           47      /* rational   result           */
 #define EWDIV0          48      /* division by zero            */
+#define EWTHROW         49      /* throw. executed             */
 #define EWOV            50      // integer overflow from the old routines that do not support recovery.  Anything >= EWOV is an overflow.  Leave at 50 until asm routines are retired
 #define EWOV1           51      // integer overflow that can be recovered because the float version has already been saved
 #define EWOVIP          52      // overflow, but recoverable even though executed in place.  It starts here, but identifies the routine it came from:
diff --git a/jsrc/jt.h b/jsrc/jt.h
index 7876902..3ef2aa1 100644
--- a/jsrc/jt.h
+++ b/jsrc/jt.h
@@ -272,6 +272,13 @@ typedef struct {
 #if MEMAUDIT & 2
  I    audittstackdisabled;   // set to 1 to disable auditing
 #endif
+/* BEST Jx fields */
+ I    pgcp;             /* ^: garbage collection period                    */
+ B    tramp;            /* 1 if in O.                                      */
+ A    trampv;           /* verb for O.                                     */
+ A    yieldval;         /* return value from ]: passed to ].               */
+ B    yield;            /* 1 if in a trap block                            */
+ B    worker;           /* 1 if this jt belongs to a worker thread         */
 } JST;
 
 typedef JST* J; 
diff --git a/jsrc/jtype.h b/jsrc/jtype.h
index 77a6255..c2b7a5e 100644
--- a/jsrc/jtype.h
+++ b/jsrc/jtype.h
@@ -533,7 +533,6 @@ typedef struct {AF f1,f2;A f,g,h;I flag,mr,lr,rr,fdep; C id;} V;
 #define VASGSAFE        ((I)1L<<27)     // does not alter locale/path
 #define VISATOMIC1      ((I)1L<<28)     // processes each atom individually (should have had rank 0, but didn't)
 
-
 typedef struct {DX re;DX im;} ZX;
 
 /* extended complex                                                        */
diff --git a/jsrc/jversion-linux.h b/jsrc/jversion-linux.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..130dfdb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jsrc/jversion-linux.h
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#define jversion   "806"
+#define jplatform  "linux"  // windows/linux/darwin/raspberry/android/...
+#define jtype      "beta"     // release,beta,... may include bug level such as beta-3
+#define jlicense   "BEST"
+#define jbuilder   "Jx-patches"
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/jsrc/jversion-win32.h b/jsrc/jversion-win32.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7dbc5fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/jsrc/jversion-win32.h
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#define jversion   "806"
+#define jplatform  "windows"  // windows/linux/darwin/raspberry/android/...
+#define jtype      "beta"     // release,beta,... may include bug level such as beta-3
+#define jlicense   "BEST"
+#define jbuilder   "Jx-patches"
diff --git a/jsrc/p.c b/jsrc/p.c
index dbca46a..375e7ee 100644
--- a/jsrc/p.c
+++ b/jsrc/p.c
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@
 #include "p.h"
 #include <stdint.h>
 
-
 #define PARSERSTKALLO (490*sizeof(PSTK))  // number of stack entries to allocate, when we allocate, in bytes
 
 /* NVR - named value reference                                          */
@@ -101,6 +100,7 @@ static PSTK* jtis(J jt){A f,n,v;B ger=0;C c,*s;PSTK* stack=jt->parserstkend1;
 #define PADV 2+8
 #define PCONJ 2+12
 #define PTRIDENT 1+4
+#define PSAI 1+16
 #define PBIDENT 1+8
 #define PASGN 1+12
 #define PPAREN 3+0   // error offset immaterial, since never fails
@@ -113,6 +113,7 @@ PT cases[] = {
  EDGE+AVN,  VERB+NOUN, ADV,  ANY,       0,     jtvadv,   1,2,1,
  EDGE+AVN,  VERB+NOUN, CONJ, VERB+NOUN, 0,    jtvconj,  1,3,1,
  EDGE+AVN,  VERB+NOUN, VERB, VERB,      0, jtvfolk,  1,3,1,
+ EDGE,      ADV,       CONJ, ADV,       0, jtvsai,   1,3,1,
  EDGE,      CAVN,      CAVN, ANY,       0,  jtvhook,  1,2,1,
  NAME+NOUN, ASGN,      CAVN, ANY,       0,      jtvis,    0,2,1,
  LPAR,      CAVN,      RPAR, ANY,       0,    jtvpunc,  0,2,0,
@@ -329,7 +330,8 @@ F1(jtparsea){PSTK *stack;A z,*v;I es,i,m,maxnvrlen; L* s;  // symbol-table entry
    // have been shifted out of the first position
  #define ST(i) AT(stack[i].a)
    if(ST(2) & CAVN) { // cases 0-7
-    if(ST(0)&NAME)i = PASGN;   // NAME is set only if followed by ASGN
+	if((ST(1) & ST(3) & ADV) && (ST(2) & CONJ)){i = PSAI;}
+    else if(ST(0)&NAME)i = PASGN;   // NAME is set only if followed by ASGN
     else {  // cases 0-6
      if (!(ST(0)&(EDGE + AVN)))i = PNOMATCH;
      else if ((ST(1) | ST(2))&(ADV + CONJ)){ // cases 3, 4, 6, and 7 when NOUN=:AC
@@ -386,6 +388,8 @@ F1(jtparsea){PSTK *stack;A z,*v;I es,i,m,maxnvrlen; L* s;  // symbol-table entry
     EPZ(stack[3].a = dfs2(stack[1].a, stack[3].a, stack[2].a)); stack[3].t = stack[1].t; SM(2,0); stack += 2; break;
     case PTRIDENT:
     EPZ(stack[3].a = folk(stack[1].a, stack[2].a, stack[3].a)); stack[3].t = stack[1].t; SM(2,0); stack += 2; break;
+    case PSAI:
+    EPZ(stack[3].a = folko(stack[1].a, stack[2].a, stack[3].a)); stack[3].t = stack[1].t; SM(2,0); stack += 2; break;
     case PBIDENT:
     EPZ(stack[2].a = hook(stack[1].a, stack[2].a)); stack[2].t = stack[1].t; SM(1,0); stack += 1; break;
     case PPAREN:
diff --git a/jsrc/p.h b/jsrc/p.h
index b49b7e0..ddf7b94 100644
--- a/jsrc/p.h
+++ b/jsrc/p.h
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 /* Parsing: Macros and Defined Constants                                   */
 
 
-#define NCASES          9L           /* # of rows in cases parses table    */
+#define NCASES          10L           /* # of rows in cases parses table    */
 #define ACTION(f)       A*  f(J jt)
 #define TACT(f)         TA f(J jt,I b,I e,TA*stack)
 #define IS(name,val)    symbis(name,val,jt->local)
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ extern TACT(jtvadv);
 extern TACT(jtvconj);
 extern TACT(jtvdyad);
 extern TACT(jtvfolk);
+extern TACT(jtvsai);
 extern TACT(jtvhook);
 extern TACT(jtvis);
 extern TACT(jtvmonad);
diff --git a/jsrc/pv.c b/jsrc/pv.c
index 33d025f..dd52212 100644
--- a/jsrc/pv.c
+++ b/jsrc/pv.c
@@ -148,6 +148,8 @@ TACT(jtvconj){TA z={0,0}; if(CHK2)z.a=df2(stack[b].a,stack[e].a,stack[e-1].a); R
 
 TACT(jtvfolk){TA z={0,0}; if(CHK3)z.a=folk(stack[b].a,stack[1+b].a,stack[e].a); R z;}
 
+TACT(jtvsai){TA z={0}; if(CHK3)z.a=folk(stack[b].a,stack[1+b].a,stack[e].a); R z;}
+
 TACT(jtvhook){TA z={0,0}; if(CHK2)z.a=hook(stack[b].a,stack[e].a); R z;}
 
 TACT(jtvpunc){R stack[e-1];}
diff --git a/jsrc/px.c b/jsrc/px.c
index 9bbb652..9838695 100644
--- a/jsrc/px.c
+++ b/jsrc/px.c
@@ -50,6 +50,12 @@ F1(jtimmea){A t,z;
 static A jtcex(J jt,A w,AF f,A self){A z; RE(w); z=f(jt,w,self); RESETERR; R z;}
      /* conditional execute */
 
+F1(jtexgdo){
+	RZ(w);
+	if(LIT&AT(w))R wex(w);
+	R exg(w);
+}
+
 F1(jtexg){A*v,*wv,x,y,z;I n,wd;
  RZ(w);
  n=AN(w); wv=AAV(w); wd=(I)w*ARELATIVE(w);
diff --git a/jsrc/r.c b/jsrc/r.c
index 1501322..8aeab1a 100644
--- a/jsrc/r.c
+++ b/jsrc/r.c
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ static F1(jtdrr){PROLOG(0055);A df,dg,fs,gs,hs,*x,z;B b,ex,xop;C c,id;I fl,*hv,m
  fs=v->f; gs=v->g; hs=v->h; 
  if(fl&VXOPCALL)R drr(hs);
  xop=1&&VXOP&fl; ex=id==CCOLON&&hs&&!xop;
- b=id==CHOOK||id==CADVF; c=id==CFORK;
+ b=id==CHOOK||id==CADVF; c=id==CFORK||id==CFORKO;
  m=!!fs+(gs||ex);
  if(!m)R spella(w);
  if(evoke(w))R sfn(0,fs);
@@ -24,9 +24,17 @@ static F1(jtdrr){PROLOG(0055);A df,dg,fs,gs,hs,*x,z;B b,ex,xop;C c,id;I fl,*hv,m
  if(ex)RZ(dg=unparsem(zero,w));
  m+=!b&&!xop||hs&&xop;
  GATV(z,BOX,m,1,0); x=AAV(z);
- RZ(x[0]=df);
- RZ(x[1]=b||c||xop?dg:fl&VDDOP?(hv=AV(hs),link(sc(hv[0]),link(spellout(id),sc(hv[1])))):spellout(id));
- if(2<m)RZ(x[2]=c||xop?drr(hs):dg);
+ if(id==CQRYCO){
+  RZ(x[0]=gs?df:spellout(id));
+  RZ(x[1]=gs?spellout(id):df);
+  if(2<m){
+   RZ(x[2]=dg);
+  }
+ }else{
+  RZ(x[0]=df);
+  RZ(x[1]=b||c||xop?dg:fl&VDDOP?(hv=AV(hs),link(sc(hv[0]),link(spellout(id),sc(hv[1])))):spellout(id));
+  if(2<m)RZ(x[2]=c||xop?drr(hs):dg);
+ }
  EPILOG(z);
 }
 
@@ -40,7 +48,7 @@ F1(jtaro){A fs,gs,hs,s,*u,*x,y,z;B ex,xop;C id;I*hv,m;V*v;
   if(VXOPCALL&v->flag)R aro(hs);
   xop=1&&VXOP&v->flag;
   ex=hs&&id==CCOLON&&!xop;
-  m=id==CFORK?3:!!fs+(ex||xop&&hs||!xop&&gs);
+  m=id==CFORK||id==CFORKO?3:!!fs+(ex||xop&&hs||!xop&&gs);
   if(!m)R spella(w);
   if(evoke(w))R sfn(0,fs);
  }
@@ -63,8 +71,12 @@ static F1(jtfxchar){A y;C c,d,id,*s;I m,n;
  ASSERT(1>=AR(w),EVRANK);  // string must be an atom or list
  ASSERT(n,EVLENGTH);
  s=CAV(w); c=*(s+n-1);
+#ifdef JXUNICODE
+ DO(n, d=s[i]; ASSERT(32<=d&&(m=vutf8(s+i)),EVSPELL); i+=m-1;);
+#else
  DO(n, d=s[i]; ASSERT(32<=d&&d<127,EVSPELL););  // must be all ASCII
- if(CA==ctype[(UC)*s]&&c!=CESC1&&c!=CESC2)R swap(w);  // If name and not control word, treat as name~, create nameref
+#endif
+if((CA==ctype[(UC)*s]IFUNIC(||128&*s))&&c!=CESC1&&c!=CESC2)R swap(w);
  ASSERT(id=spellin(n,s),EVSPELL);  // not name, must be control word or primitive.  Also classify string 
  if(id!=CFCONS)y=ds(id); else{m=s[n-2]-'0'; y=FCONS(CSIGN!=*s?sc(m):2==n?ainf:sc(-m));} // define 0:, if it's that
  ASSERT(y&&RHS&AT(y),EVDOMAIN);   // make sure it's a noun/verb
@@ -75,6 +87,8 @@ static F1(jtfxchar){A y;C c,d,id,*s;I m,n;
 // self is normally 0; if nonzero, we return a noun type ('0';<value) as is rather than returning value
 DF1(jtfx){A f,fs,g,h,p,q,*wv,y,*yv;C id;I m,n=0,wd,yd;
  RZ(w);
+ if(AT(w)&(VERB+ADV+CONJ)) R w;
+ if(AT(w)&(B01+INT+FL)) R w;
  // if string, handle that special case (verb/primitive)
  if(LIT&AT(w))R fxchar(w);
  // otherwise, it had better be boxed with rank 0 or 1, and 1 or 2 atoms
@@ -106,7 +120,7 @@ DF1(jtfx){A f,fs,g,h,p,q,*wv,y,*yv;C id;I m,n=0,wd,yd;
    if(id)fs=ds(id);
    ASSERT(fs&&RHS&AT(fs),EVDOMAIN);
    if(!n)R fs;
-   ASSERT(1==n&&ADV&AT(fs)||2==n&&CONJ&AT(fs),EVLENGTH);
+   ASSERT(1==n&&ADV&AT(fs)||2==n&&CONJ&AT(fs)||id==CQRYCO,EVLENGTH);
    if(0<n){RZ(p=fx(YVR(0))); ASSERT(AT(p)&NOUN+VERB,EVDOMAIN);}
    if(1<n){RZ(q=fx(YVR(1))); ASSERT(AT(q)&NOUN+VERB,EVDOMAIN);}
    R 1==n ? df1(p,fs) : df2(p,q,fs);
diff --git a/jsrc/rl.c b/jsrc/rl.c
index 5530a70..a4bc6c3 100644
--- a/jsrc/rl.c
+++ b/jsrc/rl.c
@@ -122,6 +122,9 @@ static F1(jtlbox){A p,*v,*vv,*wv,x,y;B b=0;I n,wd;
   RZ(x=raze(w)); s=UAV(x);
   DO(AN(x), c[*s++]=0;);
   if(c[CQUOTE]&&equ(w,words(x)))R over(cstr(";:"),lchar(x));
+#ifdef JXUNICODE
+  if(jt->jerr==EVSPELL)RESETERR;
+#endif
   if(c[d=' ']||c[d='|']||c[d='/']||c[d=',']||c[d=';']){
    GATV(y,LIT,n+AN(x),1,0); t=CAV(y);
    DO(n, x=WVR(i); *t++=d; MC(t,AV(x),AN(x)); t+=AN(x););
@@ -259,6 +262,7 @@ static F2(jtlinsert){A*av,f,g,h,t,t0,t1,t2,*u,y;B b,ft,gt,ht,vb;C c,id;I ad,n;V*
    u[1]=str(' '==cf(g)||id==CADVF&&!laa(f,g)&&!(lp(f)&&lp(g))?0L:1L," ");
    RE(0); R raze(y);
   case CFORK:
+  case CFORKO:
    GAT(y,BOX,5,1,0); u=AAV(y);
    RZ(u[0]=f=CALL2(jt->lcp,ft||lnn(f,g),   f,0));
    RZ(u[2]=g=CALL2(jt->lcp,gt||lnn(g,h)||b,g,0)); RZ(u[1]=str(' '==cf(g)?0L:1L," "));
@@ -267,10 +271,11 @@ static F2(jtlinsert){A*av,f,g,h,t,t0,t1,t2,*u,y;B b,ft,gt,ht,vb;C c,id;I ad,n;V*
   default:
    t0=CALL2(jt->lcp,ft||NOUN&AT(v->f)&&!(VGERL&v->flag)&&lp(f),f,0);
    t1=lsymb(id,w);
+   if(id==CQRYCO&&1==n){t2=t1;t1=t0;t0=t2;}
    y=over(t0,laa(t0,t1)?over(chr[' '],t1):t1);
-   if(1==n)R y;
+   if(1==n)R id==CQRYCO?jtlcpa(jt,1,y):y;
    t2=lcpx(g);
-   R over(y,laa(y,t2)?over(chr[' '],t2):t2);
+   R id==CQRYCO?jtlcpa(jt,1,over(y,laa(y,t2)?over(chr[' '],t2):t2)):over(y,laa(y,t2)?over(chr[' '],t2):t2);
 }}
 
 static F1(jtlcolon){A*v,x,y;C*s,*s0;I m,n;
@@ -300,7 +305,7 @@ static DF1(jtlrr){A fs,gs,hs,t,*tv;C id;I fl,m;V*v;
  if(AT(w)&NAME)R sfn(0,w);
  v=VAV(w); id=v->id; fs=v->f; gs=v->g; hs=v->h; fl=v->flag;
  if(fl&VXOPCALL)R lrr(hs);
- m=!!fs+!!gs+(id==CFORK)+(hs&&id==CCOLON&&VXOP&fl);
+ m=!!fs+!!gs+(id==CFORK||id==CFORKO)+(hs&&id==CCOLON&&VXOP&fl);
  if(!m)R lsymb(id,w);
  if(evoke(w))R sfn(0,fs);
  if(!(VXOP&fl)&&hs&&BOX&AT(hs)&&id==CCOLON)R lcolon(w);
diff --git a/jsrc/rt.c b/jsrc/rt.c
index 66385de..20bbd7d 100644
--- a/jsrc/rt.c
+++ b/jsrc/rt.c
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ static F1(jttrr){PROLOG(0058);A fs,gs,hs,s,t,*x,z;B ex,xop;C id;I fl,*hv,m;V*v;
  v=VAV(w); id=v->id; fl=v->flag; fs=v->f; gs=v->g; hs=v->h; 
  if(fl&VXOPCALL)R trr(hs);
  xop=1&&VXOP&fl; ex=id==CCOLON&&hs&&!xop;
- m=!!fs+(gs||ex)+(id==CFORK||xop&&hs);
+ m=!!fs+(gs||ex)+(id==CFORK||id==CFORKO||xop&&hs);
  if(!m)R tleaf(spella(w));
  if(evoke(w))R tleaf(sfn(0,fs));
  GATV(t,BOX,m,1,0); x=AAV(t);
diff --git a/jsrc/sc.c b/jsrc/sc.c
index a935d55..150b47b 100644
--- a/jsrc/sc.c
+++ b/jsrc/sc.c
@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ static DF2(jtunquote){A aa,fs,g,ll,oldn,oln,z;B lk;I d,i;L*e;V*v;
  RE(0);
  JATTN;
  v=VAV(self);
- aa=v->f; RE(e=syrd(aa,&g)); 
+ aa=v->f; RE(e=syrd(aa,&g));
+ if(e&&(fs=e->val)) {
+	 if(jt->tramp&&fs==jt->trampv) R fdef(CTRAMP, VERB, 0L, (AF)a, w, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L, 0L);
+ }
  fs=v->h?v->h:e?e->val:0;  /* see namerefop() re v->h */
  oldn=jt->curname; jt->curname=aa;
  oln =jt->curlocn; jt->curlocn=ll=g?LOCNAME(g):0;
diff --git a/jsrc/sn.c b/jsrc/sn.c
index cdc8ebd..a12d042 100644
--- a/jsrc/sn.c
+++ b/jsrc/sn.c
@@ -5,17 +5,27 @@
 
 #include "j.h"
 
+#ifdef JXUNICODE
+I jtvutf8(J jt,C*s) {C c,u;UC m;I i;
+ i=0; c=s[i]; if(!(c&128)) R 1;
+ m=64; while(c&m){i++; RZ(s[i]|192==128); m>>=1;} R i+(i>0);
+}    /* return the length of the first UTF-8 char of s (0 for error). */
+#endif
+
 // validate fullname (possibly locative).  s->name, n=length.  Returns 1 if name valid, 0 if not
 B jtvnm(J jt,I n,C*s){C c,d,t;I j,k;
  if(!(n))R 0;  // error if empty string
  c=*s; d=*(s+n-1);   // c = first char of name, d is the last
  if(jt->dotnames&&2==n&&'.'==d&&('m'==c||'n'==c||'u'==c||'v'==c||'x'==c||'y'==c))R 1;  // if x. y. ..., that's OK
- if(!(CA==ctype[(UC)c]))R 0;   // first char must be alphabetic
+ RZ(CA==ctype[(UC)c]IFUNIC(||128&c));   // first char must be alphabetic
  // c='a';    // Now c='this character', d='previous character'; assign c to harmless value (not needed)
  j=0;  // Init no indirect locative found
  // scan the string: verify all remaining characters alphameric (incl _); set j=index of first indirect locative (pointing to the __), or 0 if no ind loc
   // (the string can't start with _)
- DO(n, d=c; c=s[i]; t=ctype[(UC)c]; if(!(t==CA||t==C9))R 0; if(c=='_'&&d=='_'&&!j&&i!=n-1){j=i-1;});
+ DO(n, d=c;
+  IFUNIC( RZ((k=vutf8(s+i))!=0); i+=k-1; )
+  c=s[i]; t=ctype[(UC)c]; RZ(t==CA||t==C9 IFUNIC(||k>1));
+  if(c=='_'&&d=='_'&&!j&&i!=n-1){j=i-1;});
  // If the last char is _, any ind loc is invalid; scan to find previous _ (call its index j, error if 0); audit locale name, or OK if empty (base locale)
  if(c=='_'){if(!(!j))R 0; DO(j=n-1, if('_'==s[--j])break;); if(!(j))R 0; k=n-j-2; R(!k||vlocnm(k,s+j+1));}
  // Here last char was not _, and j is still pointed after __ if any
diff --git a/jsrc/t.c b/jsrc/t.c
index 7c5aba7..1b0a4b7 100644
--- a/jsrc/t.c
+++ b/jsrc/t.c
@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
 
 #include "j.h"
 
+extern F1(jtcceach);
+extern F1(jtccevery);
+extern F1(jtparl);
 
 C ctype[256]={
  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, CS,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0,  0, /* 0                  */
@@ -109,7 +112,7 @@ B jtpinit(J jt){A t;C*s;
  /*  }* */  pdef(CCASEV,  VERB, jtcasev,   0L,       RMAX,RMAX,RMAX,VFLAGNONE);   // f2 gets filled in with pointer to a name when this is used
  /*  }. */  pdef(CBEHEAD, VERB, jtbehead,  jtdrop,   RMAX,1,   RMAX,VASGSAFE|VIRS1|VIRS2);  // alias CDROP
  /*  }: */  pdef(CCTAIL,  VERB, jtcurtail, 0L,       RMAX,0,   0   ,VASGSAFE|VIRS1);
- /*  "  */  pdef(CQQ,     CONJ, 0L,        jtqq,     0,   0,   0   ,VFLAGNONE);
+ /*  "  */  pdef(CQQ,     CONJ, 0L,        jtqqco,   0,   0,   0   ,VFLAGNONE);
  /*  ". */  pdef(CEXEC,   VERB, jtexec1,   jtexec2,  1,   RMAX,RMAX,VFLAGNONE);
  /*  ": */  pdef(CTHORN,  VERB, jtthorn1,  jtthorn2, RMAX,1,   RMAX,VASGSAFE);
  /*  `  */  pdef(CGRAVE,  CONJ, 0L,        jttie,    0,   0,   0   ,VFLAGNONE);
@@ -166,5 +169,22 @@ B jtpinit(J jt){A t;C*s;
  /*  x: */  pdef(CXCO,    VERB, jtxco1,    jtxco2,   RMAX,RMAX,RMAX,VASGSAFE|VISATOMIC1);
  /*  y. */       /* see above */
 
+ extern DF2(jtseqex);
+ 
+ // BEST Jx definitions
+ /*  =..*/  pdef(CKEEPL,  VERB, 0L,        jtassignl,RMAX,RMAX,RMAX,0);
+ /*  =::*/  pdef(CKEEP,   VERB, 0L,        jtassign, RMAX,RMAX,RMAX,0);
+ /*  [. */  pdef(CLEV,    VERB, jttrigger,   0L,     RMAX,RMAX,RMAX,0);
+ /*  ]. */  pdef(CDEX,    ADV,  jttrap,    0L,       0,   0,   0   ,0);
+ /*  ]: */  pdef(CIDA,    ADV,  jtstrand,  0L,       0,   0,   0   ,0);
+ /*  "..*/  pdef(CAPPLY,  VERB, jtexgdo,   jtapplystr,RMAX,1,  RMAX,0);
+ /*  "::*/  pdef(CQQCO,   CONJ, 0L,        jtqqco,   0,   0,   0   ,0);
+ /*  ?: */  pdef(CQRYCO,  VERB, jtatomdf1, jtatomdf2,0,0,0,0); 
+ /*  O. */  pdef(CTRAMP,  CONJ, 0L,        jtoptimize,0,   0,   0  ,0);
+ /*  `. */  pdef(CGRDOT,  CONJ, 0L,        jttiebox, 0,   0,   0   ,0);
+ /*  i..*/  pdef(CIDD,    VERB, jtiotadd,  0L,       0,   0,   0,   0);
+ /*  &:.*/  pdef(CSEQRED, CONJ, 0,         jtseqex,  0,   0,   0   ,0);
+ /*  $::*/  pdef(CSELFX,  VERB, jtself1,   jtself2,  RMAX,RMAX,RMAX,0);
+
  if(jt->jerr){printf("pinit failed; error %hhi\n", jt->jerr); R 0;} else R 1;
 }
diff --git a/jsrc/v.c b/jsrc/v.c
index d737434..ade609a 100644
--- a/jsrc/v.c
+++ b/jsrc/v.c
@@ -88,6 +88,7 @@ F2(jtright2){R lr2(0,a,w);}
 F1(jtright1){R w;}
 
 F1(jtiota){A z;I m,n,*v;
+ ASSERT(AT(w)&NOUN, EVDOMAIN);
  F1RANK(1,jtiota,0);
  if(AT(w)&XNUM+RAT)R cvt(XNUM,iota(vi(w)));
  RZ(w=vi(w)); n=AN(w); v=AV(w);
diff --git a/jsrc/vo.c b/jsrc/vo.c
index 4872003..e2c70be 100644
--- a/jsrc/vo.c
+++ b/jsrc/vo.c
@@ -26,9 +26,22 @@ F1(jtbox0){
  R z;
 }
 
+F1(jtboxsp){A z, *zv;I r, n;
+ if(jt->rank){
+  r=jt->rank[1]; jt->rank=0;
+  z=denseit(w);
+  z=df1(z,qq(ds(CLT),sc(r)));
+  z=every(z,0,jtsparse1);
+ }else{
+  GATV(z,BOX,1,0,0); zv=AAV(z);
+  rat1(w); *zv=w;
+ }
+ R z;
+}
+
 F1(jtbox){A y,z,*zv;C*wv;I f,k,m,n,r,wr,*ws; 
  RZ(w);
- ASSERT(!(SPARSE&AT(w)),EVNONCE);
+ if(SPARSE&AT(w)) R jtboxsp(jt,w);
   // Set NOSMREL if w is not boxed or it has NOSMREL set
  I newflags = (AFLAG(w) | ((~AT(w))>>(BOXX-AFNOSMRELX))) & AFNOSMREL;
  if(!jt->rank){
diff --git a/jsrc/w.c b/jsrc/w.c
index cc4d5fa..bdf12f0 100644
--- a/jsrc/w.c
+++ b/jsrc/w.c
@@ -40,13 +40,20 @@ static ST state[10][9]={
 // result is word index & length; z is (# words),(i0,l0),(i1,l1),...
 // (# words) is negated if the last word is NB.
 F1(jtwordil){A z;C e,nv,s,t=0;I b,i,m,n,*x,xb,xe;ST p;UC*v;
+#ifdef JXUNICODE
+ C u; I k;
+#endif
  RZ(w);  // if no string, could be empty line from keyboard; return null A in that case
  nv=0; s=SS;   // set not creating numeric constant; init state (after space)
  n=AN(w); v=UAV(w); GATV(z,INT,1+n+n,1,0); x=1+AV(z);  // get count of characters n and address v;
   // allocate absolute worst-case output area (each char is 1 word, plus 1 for count); point x to output indexes
  for(i=0;i<n;++i){   // run the state machine
-  p=state[s][wtype[v[i]]]; e=p.effect;    // go to next state
-  if(e==EI){  // if 'emit'...
+#ifdef JXUNICODE
+  k=vutf8(v+i); if(k==0){jsignal3(EVSPELL,w,i); R 0;}
+#endif
+  p=state[s][IFUNIC(k>1?CA:)wtype[v[i]]]; e=p.effect;    // go to next state
+
+   if(e==EI){  // if 'emit'...
    t&=s==S9;   // was previous state S9? (means we were building a number)
    if(t){if(!nv){nv=1; xb=b;} xe=i;}   // if so, b must be set; if this is first number, remember starting index.  In any case remember presumptive ending index
    else{if(nv){nv=0; *x++=xb; *x++=xe-xb;} *x++=b; *x++=i-b;}  // Not S9.  If a numeric constant was in progress, it ended on the word BEFORE
@@ -54,6 +61,9 @@ F1(jtwordil){A z;C e,nv,s,t=0;I b,i,m,n,*x,xb,xe;ST p;UC*v;
   }
   s=p.new;   // get next state
   if(e){b=i; t=s==S9;}   // If we should move the chains, remember the new starting position, and whether we are processing a numeric
+#ifdef JXUNICODE
+  i+=k-1;
+#endif
  }
  if(s==SQ){jsignal3(EVOPENQ,w,b); R 0;}  // error if open quote
  t&=s==S9;    // finish outing the last word as above
@@ -118,7 +128,7 @@ A jtenqueue(J jt,A a,A w,I env){A*v,*x,y,z;B b;C d,e,p,*s,*wi;I i,n,*u,wl;UC c;
  GATV(z,BOX,n,1,0); x=v=AAV(z);   //  allocate list of words; set running word pointer x, and static
    // beginning-of-list pointer v, to start of list of output pointers
  for(i=0;i<n;i++,x++){  // for each word
-  wi=s+*u++; wl=*u++; c=e=*wi; p=ctype[(UC)c]; b=0;   // wi=first char, wl=length, c=e=first char, p=type of first char, b='no inflections'
+  wi=s+*u++; wl=*u++; c=e=*wi; p=IFUNIC(c&128?CA:)ctype[(UC)c]; b=0;   // wi=first char, wl=length, c=e=first char, p=type of first char, b='no inflections'
   if(1<wl){d=*(wi+wl-1); if(b=p!=C9&&d==CESC1||d==CESC2)e=spellin(wl,wi);}  // if word has >1 character, starts with nonnumeric, and ends with inflection, convert to pseudocharacter
   if(128>c&&(y=ds(e))){
    // If first char is ASCII, see if the form including inflections is a primitive;
diff --git a/jsrc/ws.c b/jsrc/ws.c
index 2e6f569..43d8e4d 100644
--- a/jsrc/ws.c
+++ b/jsrc/ws.c
@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@
 #include "w.h"
 
 
-static C spell[3][70]={
+static C spell[3][72]={
  '=',     '<',     '>',     '_',     '+',     '*',     '-',     '%',
  '^',     '$',     '~',     '|',     '.',     ':',     ',',     ';',
  '#',     '@',     '/',     CBSLASH, '[',     ']',     '{',     '}',
  '`',     CQQ,     '&',     '!',     '?',     'a',     'A',     'b',
  'c',     'C',     'd',     'D',     'e',     'E',     'f',     'H',
- 'i',     'I',     'j',     'L',     'm',     'M',     'n',     'o',
- 'p',     'q',     'r',     's',     'S',     't',     'T',     'u',
+ 'i',     'I',     'j',     'L',     'm',     'M',     'n',     'o',     'O',
+ 'p',     'q',     'r',     'R',     's',     'S',     't',     'T',     'u',
  'v',     'x',     'y',     '0',     '1',     '2',     '3',     '4',
  '5',     '6',     '7',     '8',     '9',     0,
 
@@ -23,8 +23,8 @@ static C spell[3][70]={
  CBASE,   CATDOT,  CSLDOT,  CBSDOT,  CLEV,    CDEX,    CTAKE,   CDROP,
  CGRDOT,  CEXEC,   CUNDER,  CFIT,    CQRYDOT, CALP,    CATOMIC, CBDOT,
  CCDOT,   CCYCLE,  CDDOT,   CDCAP,   CEPS,    CEBAR,   CFIX,    CHGEOM,
- CIOTA,   CICAP,   CJDOT,   CLDOT,   CMDOT,   CMCAP,   CNDOT,   CCIRCLE,
- CPOLY,   1,       CRDOT,   1,       1,       CTDOT,   CTCAP,   CUDOT,
+ CIOTA,   CICAP,   CJDOT,   CLDOT,   CMDOT,   CMCAP,   CNDOT,   CCIRCLE,  CTRAMP,
+ CPOLY,   1,       CRDOT,   CRCAPDOT,1,       1,       CTDOT,   CTCAP,    CUDOT,
  CVDOT,   CXDOT,   CYDOT,   1,       1,       1,       1,       1,
  1,       1,       1,       1,       1,       0,
 
@@ -32,23 +32,23 @@ static C spell[3][70]={
  CPOWOP,  CSELF,   CNE,     CCANT,   CODD,    CADVERSE,CLAMIN,  CWORDS,
  CABASE,  CATCO,   CGRADE,  CDGRADE, CCAP,    CIDA,    CTAIL,   CCTAIL,
  CGRCO,   CTHORN,  CAMPCO,  CIBEAM,  CQRYCO,  CACE,    1,       1,
- 1,       1,       1,       CDCAPCO, 1,       1,       1,       1,       
- CICO,    1,       1,       CLCAPCO, 1,       1,       1,       1,
- CPCO,    CQCO,    1,       CSCO,    CSCAPCO, CTCO,    1,       CUCO,    
+ 1,       1,       1,       CDCAPCO, 1,       1,       CFCO,    1,       
+ CICO,    1,       1,       CLCAPCO, 1,       1,       1,       1,       1,
+ CPCO,    CQCO,    1,       1,       CSCO,    CSCAPCO, CTCO,    1,       CUCO,    
  1,       CXCO,    1,       CFCONS,  CFCONS,  CFCONS,  CFCONS,  CFCONS,  
  CFCONS,  CFCONS,  CFCONS,  CFCONS,  CFCONS,  0,
 };
 
-static C sp3[4][5]={
- CFETCH, CEMEND, CPDERIV, CUNDCO, 0,
- '{',    '}',    'p',     '&',    0,
- CESC2,  CESC2,  CESC1,   CESC1,  0,
- CESC2,  CESC2,  CESC1,   CESC2,  0,
+static C sp3[4][15]={
+ CFETCH, CEMEND, CPDERIV, CUNDCO, CKEEPL, CKEEP, CSELFX, CAPPLY, CCONC, CCONV, CSEQRED, CPARL, CQQCO, CIDD, 0,
+ '{',    '}',    'p',     '&',    '=',    '=',   '$',    '"',    '&',   '&',   '&',     '|',   '"',   'i',  0,
+ CESC2,  CESC2,  CESC1,   CESC1,  CESC1,  CESC2, CESC2,  CESC1,  CESC2, CESC1, CESC2,   CESC2, CESC2, CESC1,0,
+ CESC2,  CESC2,  CESC1,   CESC2,  CESC1,  CESC2, CESC2,  CESC1,  CESC2, CESC1, CESC1,   CESC2, CESC2, CESC1,0,
 };   /* trigraphs */
 
 // *s is a string with length n representing a primitive.  Convert the primitive to
 // a 1-byte pseudocharacter number.  Return value of 0 means error
-C spellin(I n,C*s){C c,d,p=*s,*t;I j;
+C spellin(I n,C*s){C c,d,p=*s,*t=sp3[1];I j;
  // p is the first character, c the second, d the third
  switch(n){
   case 1:
@@ -57,13 +57,22 @@ C spellin(I n,C*s){C c,d,p=*s,*t;I j;
   case 2:
    // For 2-byte characters, look the character up in the table and choose the appropriate inflection
    c=s[1]; j=c==CESC1?1:c==CESC2?2:0;
-   R j&&(t=(C*)strchr(spell[0],p)) ? spell[j][t-spell[0]] : 0;  // if inflection is not . or :, or character not found, return error
+   t=(C*)strchr(spell[0],p);
+   R j&&t ? spell[j][t-spell[0]] : 0;  // if inflection is not . or :, or character not found, return error
   case 3:
    c=s[1]; d=s[2];
    if(p==CSIGN&&d==CESC2&&'1'<=c&&c<='9')R CFCONS;  // lump all _0-9: as CFCONS
    // sp3 desribes a character in a column.  Row 1 is the uninflected character, rows 2-3 give a supported inflection.  If those match,
    // the pseudocharacter in in row 0
-   if(t=(C*)strchr(sp3[1],p)){j=t-sp3[1]; R c==sp3[2][j]&&d==sp3[3][j]?sp3[0][j]:0;}
+   while(t){
+    if(t=(C*)strchr(t,p)){
+		j=t-sp3[1];
+		if(c==sp3[2][j]&&d==sp3[3][j]) {
+			R sp3[0][j];
+		}
+		t++;
+	}
+   }
   default:  /* note: fall through if character does not support 2 inflections */
    // invalid inflection, return 0
    R 0;
diff --git a/jsrc/x.c b/jsrc/x.c
index 40df018..a16b9a3 100644
--- a/jsrc/x.c
+++ b/jsrc/x.c
@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@
 #include "j.h"
 #include "x.h"
 
+F1(jtpgcpq);
+F1(jtpgcps);
+
 #define SDERIV(id,f1,f2,flag,m,l,r)  \
  fdef(id,VERB,secf1,secf2,a,w,v2((I)(f1?f1:jtdomainerr1),(I)(f2?f2:jtdomainerr2)),(flag),(I)m,(I)l,(I)r)
 
@@ -185,6 +188,7 @@ F2(jtforeign){I p,q;
   case XC(9,47):  R CDERIV(CIBEAM, jtbreakfns,   0,            VASGSAFE,RMAX,0,   0   );
   case XC(9,48):  R CDERIV(CIBEAM, jtdotnamesq,  0,            VASGSAFE,RMAX,0,   0   );
   case XC(9,49):  R CDERIV(CIBEAM, jtdotnamess,  0,            VASGSAFE,RMAX,0,   0   );
+
 #if 0
   case XC(9,50):  R CDERIV(CIBEAM, jtxepq,       0,            VASGSAFE,RMAX,0,   0   );
   case XC(9,51):  R CDERIV(CIBEAM, jtxeps,       0,            VASGSAFE,RMAX,0,   0   );
@@ -199,6 +203,9 @@ F2(jtforeign){I p,q;
 
 
 
+  case XC(9,84):  R CDERIV(CIBEAM, jtpgcpq,      0,            VFLAGNONE,RMAX,0,   0   );
+  case XC(9,85):  R CDERIV(CIBEAM, jtpgcps,      0,            VFLAGNONE,RMAX,0,   0   );
+
 /* case XC(11,*):      handled at beginning */
 /* case XC(12,*):      reserved for D.H. Steinbrook tree stuff         */
 
@@ -285,3 +292,15 @@ void double_trick(D a,D b,D c,D d,D e,D f,D g,D h){;}
 #ifdef C_CD_ARMHF
 void double_trick(float f0,float f1,float f2,float f3,float f4,float f5,float f6,float f7,float f8,float f9,float f10,float f11,float f12,float f13,float f14,float f15){;}
 #endif
+
+F1(jtpgcpq) {
+ ASSERTMTV(w);
+ R sc(jt->pgcp);
+}
+
+F1(jtpgcps) {I p;
+ p=i0(w);
+ ASSERT(p>0, EVDOMAIN);
+ jt->pgcp=p;
+ R mtm;
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/jsrc/xa.c b/jsrc/xa.c
index 5c85031..c165f5f 100644
--- a/jsrc/xa.c
+++ b/jsrc/xa.c
@@ -80,6 +80,7 @@ F1(jtevms){A t,*tv,*wv;
 
 F1(jtfxx){
  RZ(w);
+ if(AT(w)&VERB+ADV+CONJ) R w;
  ASSERT(AT(w)&LIT+BOX,EVDOMAIN);
  ASSERT(1>=AR(w),EVRANK);
  R fx(ope(w)); 
diff --git a/jsrc/xc.c b/jsrc/xc.c
index 34245ac..fa1696c 100644
--- a/jsrc/xc.c
+++ b/jsrc/xc.c
@@ -4,17 +4,119 @@
 /* Xenos: Custom                                                           */
 
 #include "j.h"
+#include "p.h"
+#include "x.h"
+#include "xc.h"
 
-
-F2(jtforeignextra){
+F2(jtforeignextra){I p, q;
  RZ(a&&w);
+ p=i0(a); q=i0(w); RE(0);
+ switch(XC(p,q)){
+  case XC(102,0): R CDERIV(CIBEAM, 0L,           jtx102d0,     VFLAGNONE,0L,  RMAX,RMAX);
+  case XC(102,1): R CDERIV(CIBEAM, 0L,           jtx102d1,     VFLAGNONE,0L,  RMAX,RMAX);
+
+  case XC(104,2):  R CDERIV(CIBEAM,    jtbg,        0,          VFLAGNONE,RMAX, 0,   0  );
+  case XC(104,3):  R CDERIV(CIBEAM,    jtgb,        0,          VFLAGNONE,RMAX, 0,   0  );
+  case XC(104,5):  R fdef(CIBEAM,CONJ, 0L,jtoa,     a,w,0L, 0L, 0L,  0L,  0L  );
+ }
  R CDERIV(CIBEAM, 0,0, VFLAGNONE,RMAX,RMAX,RMAX);
 }
 
-F2(jtfixrecursive){A f,g,y;
+F2(jtapipx){A h;C*av,*wv;I ak,at,ar,*as,k,p,*u,*v,wk,wm,wn,wt,wr,*ws;
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ at=AT(a); ar=AR(a); as=AS(a);
+ wt=AT(w); wr=AR(w); ws=AS(w); p=-1;
+ if(AN(a)&&ar&&ar>=wr&&at>=wt&&5e8>AC(a)){
+  p=0; u=as+ar-wr; v=ws; if(ar==wr){++u; ++v;}
+  DO(wr-(ar==wr), k=*u++-*v++; if(0<k)p=1; else if(0>k){p=-1; break;});
+  k=bp(at); ak=k*AN(a); wm=ar==wr?*ws:1; wn=wm*aii(a); wk=k*wn;
+ }
+ if(0<=p&&AM(a)>=ak+wk+(1&&at&LAST0)){
+  if(at>wt)RZ(w=cvt(at,w));
+  if(p){RZ(h=vec(INT,wr,as+ar-wr)); if(ar==wr)*AV(h)=*ws; RZ(w=take(h,w));}
+  av=ak+CAV(a); wv=CAV(w); 
+  if(wr&&ar>1+wr){RZ(setfv(a,w)); mvc(wk,av,k,jt->fillv);}
+  if(wr)MC(av,wv,k*AN(w)); else mvc(wk,av,k,wv);
+  *as+=wm; AN(a)+=wn; if(at&LAST0)*(av+wk)=0;
+ }else RZ(a=over(a,w));
+ R a;
+}    /* append in place if possible */
+
+/* naive in-place operations                                 */
+/* AMIP=: 4 : '(< (i{::y) (j{y)} k{::y) k}y [ ''i j k''=. x' */
+/* APIP=: 4 : '(< (i{::y),j{::y       ) i}y [ ''i j  ''=. x' */
+
+extern A jtmerge2(J jt,A a,A w,A ind);
+static DF2(jtx102d0){A ind,*wv,x,y;I*av,i,n;
+ RZ(a&&w);
+ n=AN(w); wv=AAV(w);
+ ASSERT(!n||BOX&AT(w),EVDOMAIN);
+ ASSERT(1==AR(a)&&1==AR(w),EVRANK);
+ ASSERT(3==AN(a),EVLENGTH);
+ RZ(a=vi(a)); av=AV(a); 
+ i=av[0]; if(0>i)i+=n; ASSERT(0<=i&&i<n,EVINDEX); x  =wv[i];
+ i=av[1]; if(0>i)i+=n; ASSERT(0<=i&&i<n,EVINDEX); ind=wv[i];
+ i=av[2]; if(0>i)i+=n; ASSERT(0<=i&&i<n,EVINDEX); y  =wv[i];
+ if(5e8<AC(y))RZ(y=ca(y));
+ if(AN(ind)&&BOX&AT(ind))RZ(ind=box(ind));
+ RZ(y=merge2(x,y,jstd(y,ind)));
+ wv[i]=y; R w;
+}    /* naive amend in place */
+
+static DF2(jtx102d1){A*wv,x,y;I*av,i,j,n;
  RZ(a&&w);
- RZ(y=lrep(w)); 
- if(a==one   ||a==num[3])RZ(f=colon(num[3],                over(y,cstr(" y")) ));
- if(a==num[2]||a==num[3])RZ(g=colon(num[4],over(cstr("x "),over(y,cstr(" y")))));
- R a==num[3]?colon(f,g):a==one?f:g;
+ n=AN(w); wv=AAV(w);
+ ASSERT(!n||BOX&AT(w),EVDOMAIN);
+ ASSERT(1==AR(a)&&1==AR(w),EVRANK);
+ ASSERT(2==AN(a),EVLENGTH);
+ RZ(a=vi(a)); av=AV(a); 
+ i=av[0]; if(0>i)i+=n; ASSERT(0<=i&&i<n,EVINDEX); x=wv[i];
+ j=av[1]; if(0>j)j+=n; ASSERT(0<=j&&j<n,EVINDEX); y=wv[j];
+ RZ(x=5e8<AC(x)?over(x,y):apipx(x,y));
+ wv[i]=x; R w;
+}    /* naive append in place */
+
+static F1(jtbg){I i, c, wd;A t,r,p,s, *rv,*wv; C* pv;
+ PROLOG(0107);
+ RZ(w);
+ ASSERT(AT(w)&BOX||!AN(w), EVDOMAIN);
+ c=AN(w); wv=AAV(w); wd=(I)w*ARELATIVE(w);
+ GA(r, BOX, c, AR(w), AS(w)); rv=AAV(r);
+ for(i=0;i<c;i++) {
+  t=fx(WVR(i));
+  if(jt->jerr){RESETERR; RZ(s=lrep(WVR(i)));}
+  else {RZ(s=lrep(t));} 
+  GA(p, LIT, AN(s)+2, AR(s), AS(s));
+  pv=CAV(p);
+  pv[0]='('; pv[1+AN(s)]=')';
+  memcpy((C*)pv+1, CAV(s), AN(s));
+  rv[i]=p;
+ }
+ EPILOG(r);
+}
+
+static F1(jtgb){I i, c, wd; A r, *rv,*wv;
+ PROLOG(0108);
+ RZ(w);
+ ASSERT(AT(w)&BOX||!AN(w), EVDOMAIN);
+ c=AN(w); wv=AAV(w); wd=(I)w*ARELATIVE(w);
+ GA(r, BOX, c, AR(w), AS(w)); rv=AAV(r);
+ for(i=0;i<c;i++) {
+  RZ(rv[i]=ope(arep(wex(WVR(i)))));
+ }
+ EPILOG(r);
 }
+
+static F1(tmpname){C nm[50];I nmn; nm[0]='x'; nmn=sprintf(1+nm, "%llu", (UI)w*1045349L); R cstr(nm);}
+
+ DF2(jtoa){A t,n,r,loc=jt->local;
+  PROLOG(0109);
+  RZ(w&&a);
+  ASSERT(VERB&AT(w), EVDOMAIN);
+  t=tmpname(jt,a);
+  n=nfs(AN(t),CAV(t));
+  symbis(n,a,jt->global);
+  r=CALL1(VAV(w)->f1, t, w);
+  ex(box(t));
+  EPILOG(r);
+ }
diff --git a/jsrc/xc.h b/jsrc/xc.h
index 977ecee..6a46298 100644
--- a/jsrc/xc.h
+++ b/jsrc/xc.h
@@ -3,31 +3,33 @@
 /*                                                                         */
 /* Xenos: Custom                                                           */
 
+static F1(jtbg);
+static F1(jtgb);
+F1(jtwex);
+
+static F2(jtisf);
+F2(jttiebox);
 
-static DF2(jtcblas_dgemm);
-static DF2(jtcblas_dscal);
 static DF1(jtdgeev);
 static DF1(jtdgeqrf);
+static DF1(jttconj);
+static DF1(jtvvadv);
+
+static DF2(jtcblas_dgemm);
+static DF2(jtcblas_dscal);
 static DF2(jtdmultmatmat_32x32);
 static DF2(jtmatadd);
-static DF2(jtseqex);
-static DF2(jtseqpow);
+DF2(jtoa);
 static DF2(jtx102d0);
 static DF2(jtx102d1);
-static DF1(jtx103d0);
-static F1(jtwex);
-static F2(jttiebox);
-static F1(jtbg);
-static F1(jtgb);
-static DF1(jttconj);
-static DF2(jtoa);
 
+#define assign(x,y)             jtassign(jt,(x),(y))
 #define bg(x)                   jtbg(jt, (x))
-#define consfn(x)               jtconsfn(jt,(x))
 #define gb(x)                   jtgb(jt, (x))
 #define oa(x)                   jtoa(jt,(x))
-#define seqdo(x0,x1,x2,x3,x4)   jtseqdo(jt,(x0),(x1),(x2),(x3),(x4))
 #define seqlim(x,y,z)           jtseqlim(jt,(x),(y),(z))
 #define tconj(x)                jttconj(jt, (x))
 #define tiebox(x,y)             jttiebox(jt,(x),(y))
-#define wex(x)                  jtwex(jt,(x))
+#define whilec(x,y,z)           jtwhilec(jt,(x),(y),(z))
diff --git a/test/g220.ijs b/test/g220.ijs
index 4daef1b..e6ea9a4 100644
--- a/test/g220.ijs
+++ b/test/g220.ijs
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ mean=: +/ % #
 'domain error' -: ex '(<''mean'')~ x'
 
 'ill-formed name' -: ex '      ''a___''~ 12'
-'ill-formed name' -: ex '  ''a_gosh!_''~ 12'
-'ill-formed name' -: ex '''a_gosh*@!_''~ 12'
-'ill-formed name' -: ex ' ''do_gosh!_''~ 12'
+'value error' -: ex '  ''a_gosh!_''~ 12'
+'value error' -: ex '''a_gosh*@!_''~ 12'
+'value error' -: ex ' ''do_gosh!_''~ 12'
 
 
 4!:55 ;:'mean t x y'
diff --git a/test/g5x4.ijs b/test/g5x4.ijs
index c1a1efb..c1c2b1a 100644
--- a/test/g5x4.ijs
+++ b/test/g5x4.ijs
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ th  =. 3 : ('f=.y fx'; '{.@(]`<@.(1&<@#)) jtr<''f''')
 g =.[`((e.&' ' # i.@#)@])`]
 f =. g}
 h =. g`:6}
-(jtr<'f') -: jtr <'h'
+NB. (jtr<'f') -: jtr <'h' NB. Doesn't match in Jx
 
 g =. */\.`(i.@#)`(+/~)
 f =. i.^:g
diff --git a/test/gf.ijs b/test/gf.ijs
index 61f42aa..a8f6ff9 100644
--- a/test/gf.ijs
+++ b/test/gf.ijs
@@ -48,8 +48,11 @@ fact1=: 1:`(* $:@dec)@.sgn
 
 '1:`(* $:@<:)@.*' -: fact      f. lr
 '1:`(* $:@<:)@.*' -: fact1     f. lr
+NB. Jx f. produces tacit verbs, invalidates all tests below
+1[0 : 0
 '>:@(3 : ''1:`(* $:@<:)@.* y'' :(4 : ''x 1:`(* $:@<:)@.* y''))' -: inc@fact  f. lr
 '3 : ''1:`(* $:@<:)@.* y'' :(4 : ''x 1:`(* $:@<:)@.* y'')&.<:'  -: fact&.dec f. lr
+)
 
 s    =: $:
 cap  =: [:
@@ -64,7 +67,7 @@ eq=: 2 : 0
  assert. (5!:1 <'f') -: 5!:1 <'g'
  1
 )
-
+1[0 : 0
 >:@ s          eq (>:@ ambi       )
 >:@:s          eq (>:@:ambi       )
 >:@ s@ *:      eq (>:@ monad@ *:  )
@@ -115,6 +118,7 @@ s"2@*:         eq (monad"2@*:   )
 s"2@*:@>:      eq (monad"2@*:@>:)
 s"2~           eq (dyad"2~      )
 (s"2 >: )      eq (dyad"2 >:    )
+)
 
 C=: 0:`0:`1:`($:&<: + ($: <:)) @. ([: #. <:,0<[)
 f=: (C +:)"0 f.
diff --git a/test/gtrain.ijs b/test/gtrain.ijs
index f060965..4b56246 100644
--- a/test/gtrain.ijs
+++ b/test/gtrain.ijs
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ g=: 4 : 'x e. , y'
 
 NB. adverb adverb trains ------------------------------------------------
 
-'syntax error' -: ex ' + ((1 : ''/'') \)'
+NB. 'syntax error' -: ex ' + ((1 : ''/'') \)' NB. Legal in Jx
 
 
 4!:55 ;:'adot1 adot2 sdot0 b f g i x'
diff --git a/tup.config b/tup.config
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..538a5a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tup.config
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+CONFIG_DEBUG=y
+CONFIG_UNICODE=y
+